McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1400 University Ave, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2010 Aug;21(8):504-11. doi: 10.1016/j.tem.2010.03.005. Epub 2010 Apr 22.
Estrogen and its receptors are implicated in the promotion and prevention of various cancers. Although the uterine cervix is highly responsive to estrogen, the role of estrogen in cervical cancer, which is strongly associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infections, is poorly understood. Recent studies in HPV transgenic mouse models provide evidence that estrogen and its nuclear receptor promote cervical cancer in combination with HPV oncogenes. Although epidemiological studies further support this hypothesis, there is little experimental data assessing the hormonal responsiveness of human cervical cancers. If these cancers are dependent on estrogen, then drugs targeting estrogen and its receptors could be effective in treating and/or preventing cervical cancer, the second leading cause of death by cancer among women worldwide.
雌激素及其受体与多种癌症的发生和防治均有关联。子宫颈对雌激素的反应性很强,但雌激素在宫颈癌中的作用却知之甚少,而宫颈癌与人类乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染密切相关。最近在 HPV 转基因小鼠模型中的研究为雌激素及其核受体与 HPV 致癌基因共同促进宫颈癌提供了证据。虽然流行病学研究进一步支持这一假说,但很少有实验数据评估人类宫颈癌对激素的反应性。如果这些癌症依赖于雌激素,那么针对雌激素及其受体的药物可能对治疗和/或预防宫颈癌有效,宫颈癌是全世界女性癌症死亡的第二大主要原因。