Division of Microbiology, Regional Medical Research Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar, Orissa, India.
J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 2010 Apr;43(2):133-7. doi: 10.1016/S1684-1182(10)60021-7.
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Cholera has been reported in the state of Orissa, India during the last decades. An explosive outbreak of diarrhea occurred in Central Cuttack Ward 22 of Orissa (population approximately 10,621), between March 12-23, 2006. This outbreak was investigated by a team from the Regional Medical Research Centre of Bhubaneswar to identify the causative agents and to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and associated virulent genes.
Clinical and epidemiological data were collected from 100 hospitalized patients with diarrhea from the Sriram Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack, Orissa. Rectal swabs and water samples were collected and tested for diarrheagenic enteropathogens. Isolated Vibrio cholerae were subjected to antibiotic susceptibility tests and polymerase chain reaction analysis for the detection of virulent genes.
Of the 23 rectal swabs collected, 19 (82.6%) were positive for V. cholerae serogroup O1, serotype Ogawa. All strains were uniformly susceptible to ampicillin, gentamicin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, neomycin, and tetracycline, but resistant to co-trimoxazole, furazolidone, nalidixic acid, and streptomycin. Polymerase chain reaction revealed that all strains had ctxA, tcpA (biotype El Tor), zot, and ace genes, suggesting their possible role in the outbreak.
This is the first localized outbreak of V. cholerae O1, serotype Ogawa, in the state of Orissa in 2006 after a gap of 6 months dominated by Inaba strains.
背景/目的：在过去几十年中，印度奥里萨邦一直有霍乱报告。2006 年 3 月 12 日至 23 日，奥里萨邦中央库塔克区 22 号病房爆发了一场腹泻疫情。布巴内斯瓦尔地区医学研究中心的一个小组对此次疫情进行了调查，以确定病原体，并确定抗菌药物敏感性模式和相关毒力基因。
从奥里萨邦库塔克的斯里兰姆钱德拉班贾医学院收集了 100 例住院腹泻患者的临床和流行病学数据。采集直肠拭子和水样进行检测，以确定致泻性肠道病原体。对分离出的霍乱弧菌进行抗生素敏感性试验和聚合酶链反应分析，以检测毒力基因。
采集的 23 份直肠拭子中，19 份（82.6%）霍乱弧菌 O1 血清型 Ogawa 呈阳性。所有菌株对氨苄西林、庆大霉素、氯霉素、环丙沙星、诺氟沙星、新霉素和四环素均呈均匀敏感，但对复方磺胺甲噁唑、呋喃唑酮、萘啶酸和链霉素耐药。聚合酶链反应显示，所有菌株均具有 ctxA、tcpA（El Tor 生物型）、zot 和 ace 基因，提示它们可能在此次疫情中发挥作用。
这是奥里萨邦在 2006 年继 6 个月主导因 Inaba 菌株后首次出现霍乱弧菌 O1 血清型 Ogawa 的局部爆发。
