Samal Surya Kanta, Khuntia Hemant Kumar, Nanda Prafulla Kumar, Satapathy Chandra Sekhar, Nayak Sudeep Ranjan, Sarangi Ashok Kumar, Sahoo Nilamani, Pattnaik Sanjay Kumar, Chhotray Guru Prasad, Pal Bhibhuti Bhusan
Regional Medical Research Centre, Orissa, India.
Jpn J Infect Dis. 2008 Sep;61(5):350-5.
Bacteriological analysis of 1,551 stool/rectal swabs from all age groups of diarrhea patients of different hospitals of Orissa from January 2004 to December 2006 was carried out using standard procedures. Among all enteropathogens isolated in 886 culture-positive samples, Escherichia coli constituted 75.5%, including 13.2% pathogenic E. coli; Vibrio cholerae O1 constituted 17.3%; V. cholerae O139, 1%; Shigella spp., 4.5% (Shigella flexneri type 6, 2.9%, S. dysenteriae type I, 0.7%, S. sonnei, 0.6%, and S. boydii, 0.3%); Salmonella spp., 0.7%; and Aeromonas spp., only 2.0%. The isolation of bacterial enteropathogens was highest during July, 2005, followed by September, 2006. The prevalence of shigellosis in this region was relatively low. Cholera cases were more frequent during the rainy seasons. The dominance of V. cholerae O1 Inaba over Ogawa serotypes was observed in 2005, whereas this trend was reversed in 2006. The resistance profile of V. cholerae O1 was co-trimoxazole (Co), furazolidone (Fr), and nalidixic acid (Na); for Aeromonas spp., it was ampicillin (A), Fr, ciprofloxacin (Cf), Na, norfloxacin (Nx), and Co. Pathogenic E. coli strains were resistant to A, Fr, Co, streptomycin (S), Cf, Na, Nx, and neomycin (N); Shigella spp. were resistant to Fr, Na, Co, and S; and Salmonella spp. were resistant to A and Fr. Active surveillance should be continued among diarrhea patients to look for different enteropathogens and to define the shifting antibiogram patterns in this region.
2004年1月至2006年12月期间，采用标准程序对奥里萨邦不同医院各年龄段腹泻患者的1551份粪便/直肠拭子进行了细菌学分析。在886份培养阳性样本中分离出的所有肠道病原体中，大肠杆菌占75.5%，其中致病性大肠杆菌占13.2%；霍乱弧菌O1型占17.3%；霍乱弧菌O139型占1%；志贺菌属占4.5%（福氏志贺菌6型占2.9%，痢疾志贺菌I型占0.7%，宋内志贺菌占0.6%，鲍氏志贺菌占0.3%）；沙门菌属占0.7%；气单胞菌属仅占2.0%。2005年7月细菌肠道病原体的分离率最高，其次是2006年9月。该地区志贺菌病的患病率相对较低。霍乱病例在雨季更为常见。2005年观察到霍乱弧菌O1稻叶型比小川血清型占优势，而2006年这一趋势发生了逆转。霍乱弧菌O1型对复方新诺明（Co）、呋喃唑酮（Fr）和萘啶酸（Na）耐药；气单胞菌属对氨苄西林（A）、Fr、环丙沙星（Cf）、Na、诺氟沙星（Nx）和Co耐药；致病性大肠杆菌菌株对A、Fr、Co、链霉素（S）、Cf、Na、Nx和新霉素（N）耐药；志贺菌属对Fr、Na、Co和S耐药；沙门菌属对A和Fr耐药。应继续对腹泻患者进行主动监测，以寻找不同的肠道病原体，并确定该地区不断变化的抗菌谱模式。
