Fukuchi Takeo, Wakai Kimiko, Suda Kieko, Nakatsue Tomoko, Sawada Hideko, Hara Hiroaki, Ueda Jun, Tanaka Takayuki, Yamada Akiko, Abe Haruki
Division of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.
Clin Ophthalmol. 2010 Apr 26;4:203-9. doi: 10.2147/opth.s9716.
To evaluate the incidence, severity, and factors related to drug-induced keratoepitheliopathy in eyes using antiglaucoma eye drops.
In a cross-sectional study, 749 eyes from 427 patients who had used one or more antiglaucoma eye drops were examined at Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital or related facilities. The incidence and severity of superficial punctate keratitis (SPK), patient gender and age, type of glaucoma, and type of eye drops were recorded. SPK was graded according to the AD (A, area; D, density) classification. The severity score (SS) was calculated from A x D.
SPK was observed in 382 (51.0%) of 749 eyes that had received any type of antiglaucoma eye drops. While 254 eyes (33.9%) were classified as A1D1 (SS 1), 34 eyes (4.6%) had severe SPK with SS 4 or more. The number of eye drops and the total dosing frequency per day were significantly greater in SPK-positive eyes than in eyes without SPK. The number of eye drops was proportional to the frequency and severity of SPK. Among eyes that were treated with three or more eye drops, SPK was more severe and more frequent in older patients (>/=71 years). In addition, a considerable difference was detected for each type of glaucoma.
Drug-induced keratoepitheliopathy is often observed in eyes that have received recent antiglaucoma eye drops. The number of eye drops, the total dose frequency per day, patient age, and type of glaucoma may affect this condition. We have to consider not only the effects on intraocular pressure but also the incidence and severity of drug-induced keratoepitheliopathy as a frequent side effect of glaucoma medications.
评估使用抗青光眼滴眼液的眼部药物性角膜上皮病变的发生率、严重程度及相关因素。
在一项横断面研究中，对新潟大学医学和牙科医院或相关机构中427例使用过一种或多种抗青光眼滴眼液的患者的749只眼睛进行了检查。记录浅层点状角膜炎（SPK）的发生率和严重程度、患者性别和年龄、青光眼类型以及滴眼液类型。SPK根据AD（A，面积；D，密度）分类进行分级。严重程度评分（SS）由A×D计算得出。
在接受过任何类型抗青光眼滴眼液治疗的749只眼中，有382只（51.0%）观察到SPK。其中254只眼（33.9%）被分类为A1D1（SS 1），34只眼（4.6%）患有严重SPK，SS为4或更高。SPK阳性眼的滴眼液数量和每日总给药频率显著高于无SPK的眼。滴眼液数量与SPK的频率和严重程度成正比。在接受三种或更多种滴眼液治疗的眼中，老年患者（≥71岁）的SPK更严重且更频繁。此外，每种青光眼类型之间也检测到了相当大的差异。
在近期使用抗青光眼滴眼液的眼部经常观察到药物性角膜上皮病变。滴眼液数量、每日总剂量频率、患者年龄和青光眼类型可能会影响这种情况。我们不仅要考虑对眼压的影响，还必须将药物性角膜上皮病变的发生率和严重程度作为青光眼药物常见的副作用加以考虑。
