Cullman Emergency Medical Services and Fire-Rescue, Cullman, Alabama, USA.
Prehosp Disaster Med. 2010 Mar-Apr;25(2):188-90.
During deployment following Hurricane Ike in September 2008, bites from domestic animals were among the top three trauma complaints seen at the National Disaster Medical System (NDMS) Disaster Medical Assistance Team (DMAT) base of operations.
Unlike previous reports of frightened, misplaced dogs and cats biting strangers and rescue workers, there was an increase in bites associated with presumed non-rabid pets who were known to the bite victim.
This was an observational sampling of all patients presenting for medical care during deployment to the AL-3 DMAT base of operations in Webster, Texas, following Hurricane Ike. Findings were compared with unofficial local norms and observations from the literature.
Of the people with animal bites presenting to the field hospital, dog bites accounted for 55%, cat bites, 40%, and snake bites, 5%. Most of the wounds required suturing and were not simple punctures. Most bites (70%) involved the hand(s). Some patients presented >24 hours after the bite, and already had developed cellulitis. One patient required transfer and inpatient admission for intravenous antibiotics and debridement of a hand injury with spread into the metacarpophalangeal space.
Most of the bites were severe and occurred within the first 72 hours after the hurricane, and waned steadily over the following weeks to baseline levels. No animal bites caused by misplaced dogs and cats biting strangers were seen. There was an increase in bites associated with domesticated pets known to the bite victim. The current NDMS cache is stocked adequately to care for most wounds caused by animal bites. However post-exposure rabies treatment is not part of the routine medications offered. For future disaster preparedness training, pet owners should be aware of the increased potential for dog and cat bites.
在 2008 年 9 月艾克飓风过后的部署期间，国内动物咬伤是国家灾害医疗系统 (NDMS) 灾害医疗援助队 (DMAT) 行动基地看到的三大创伤投诉之一。
与之前报道的因恐惧、迷失方向的狗和猫咬伤陌生人以及救援人员的情况不同，此次咬伤事件涉及到一些已知的、假定无狂犬病的宠物，这些宠物是咬伤受害者所熟知的。
这是对在德克萨斯州韦伯斯特的 AL-3 DMAT 行动基地部署期间前往医疗中心接受医疗护理的所有患者进行的观察性抽样。结果与非官方的当地规范和文献中的观察结果进行了比较。
在前往野战医院的动物咬伤患者中，狗咬伤占 55%，猫咬伤占 40%，蛇咬伤占 5%。大多数伤口需要缝合，而不是简单的穿刺。大多数咬伤（70%）涉及手。有些患者在咬伤后超过 24 小时才就诊，已经出现蜂窝织炎。一名患者需要转移并住院接受静脉注射抗生素治疗，并对手部受伤进行清创处理，感染已扩散到手掌指关节间隙。
大多数咬伤都很严重，发生在飓风后的前 72 小时内，并在接下来的几周内逐渐减少到基线水平。没有因迷失方向的狗和猫咬伤陌生人而导致的动物咬伤。与咬伤受害者所熟知的家养宠物有关的咬伤有所增加。目前 NDMS 的库存足以满足大多数动物咬伤造成的伤口的护理需求。然而，暴露后狂犬病治疗并不是常规提供的药物的一部分。为了未来的灾害备灾培训，宠物主人应该意识到狗和猫咬伤的风险增加。
