Lochard J, Bogdevitch I, Gallego E, Hedemann-Jensen P, McEwan A, Nisbet A, Oudiz A, Oudiz T, Strand P, Janssens A, Lazo T, Carr Z, Sugier A, Burns P, Carboneras P, Cool D, Cooper J, Kai M, Lecomte J-F, Liu H, Massera G, McGarry A, Mrabit K, Mrabit M, Sjöblom K-L, Tsela A, Weiss W
Ann ICRP. 2009 Jun;39(3):1-4, 7-62. doi: 10.1016/j.icrp.2009.09.008.
In this report, the Commission provides guidance for the protection of people living in long-term contaminated areas resulting from either a nuclear accident or a radiation emergency. The report considers the effects of such events on the affected population. This includes the pathways of human exposure, the types of exposed populations, and the characteristics of exposures. Although the focus is on radiation protection considerations, the report also recognises the complexity of post-accident situations, which cannot be managed without addressing all the affected domains of daily life, i.e. environmental, health, economic, social, psychological, cultural, ethical, political, etc. The report explains how the 2007 Recommendations apply to this type of existing exposure situation, including consideration of the justification and optimisation of protection strategies, and the introduction and application of a reference level to drive the optimisation process. The report also considers practical aspects of the implementation of protection strategies, both by authorities and the affected population. It emphasises the effectiveness of directly involving the affected population and local professionals in the management of the situation, and the responsibility of authorities at both national and local levels to create the conditions and provide the means favouring the involvement and empowerment of the population. The role of radiation monitoring, health surveillance, and the management of contaminated foodstuffs and other commodities is described in this perspective. The Annex summarises past experience of longterm contaminated areas resulting from radiation emergencies and nuclear accidents, including radiological criteria followed in carrying out remediation measures.
在本报告中，委员会为保护因核事故或辐射应急而长期受污染地区的居民提供指导。该报告考虑了此类事件对受影响人群的影响。这包括人类接触途径、受照射人群类型以及照射特征。尽管重点是辐射防护考虑因素，但报告也认识到事故后情况的复杂性，若不解决日常生活中所有受影响领域，即环境、健康、经济、社会、心理、文化、伦理、政治等领域，就无法应对这种情况。该报告解释了《2007年建议书》如何适用于此类现有的照射情况，包括对防护策略的正当性和优化的考虑，以及引入和应用参考水平以推动优化过程。该报告还考虑了当局和受影响人群实施防护策略的实际方面。它强调让受影响人群和当地专业人员直接参与情况管理的有效性，以及国家和地方各级当局有责任创造条件并提供手段，以促进人群的参与和赋权。从这一角度描述了辐射监测、健康监测以及受污染食品和其他商品管理的作用。附件总结了辐射应急和核事故造成的长期受污染地区的以往经验，包括实施补救措施所遵循的放射学标准。
