Department of Social and Preventive Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Angle Orthod. 2010 Jul;80(4):748-53. doi: 10.2319/072709-421.1.
To analyze the influence of breastfeeding, bottle feeding, and nonnutritive sucking habits on the prevalence of open bite and anterior/posterior crossbite in children with Down syndrome (DS).
A cross-sectional study was carried out in 112 pairs of mothers/children with DS between 3 and 18 years of age at a maternal/children's hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The children with DS were clinically examined for the presence of open bite as well as anterior and posterior crossbite. Information on breastfeeding, bottle feeding, and nonnutritive sucking habits was collected using a structured questionnaire. The control variables were age and mouth posture of children/adolescents and mother's schooling. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using the chi-square test and multiple logistic regression.
The prevalence of anterior open bite was 21%, anterior crossbite was 33%, and posterior crossbite was 31%. The use of bottle feeding for more than 24 months (prevalence ratio [PR] = 1.6) was associated with the occurrence of open bite. Having breastfed for less than 6 months (PR = 1.4) and pacifier sucking for more than 24 months (PR = 3.1) were associated with the prevalence of anterior crossbite. Finger sucking (PR = 2.9) and the use of bottle feeding for more than 24 months (PR = 2.6) were associated with posterior crossbite.
The prevalence of open bite and crossbite in children with DS was associated with the use of bottle feeding and pacifier sucking for more than 24 months, breastfeeding for less than 6 months, and finger sucking.
分析母乳喂养、奶瓶喂养和非营养性吸吮习惯对唐氏综合征（Down syndrome，DS）患儿开咬和前/后牙交叉的患病率的影响。
这是一项在巴西里约热内卢的一家母婴医院进行的横断面研究，共纳入 112 对年龄在 3 至 18 岁的 DS 患儿及其母亲。对 DS 患儿进行临床检查，以确定是否存在开咬、前牙交叉和后牙交叉。使用结构化问卷收集母乳喂养、奶瓶喂养和非营养性吸吮习惯的信息。控制变量为儿童/青少年的年龄和口型以及母亲的受教育程度。采用卡方检验和多因素逻辑回归对数据进行统计分析。
前开咬的患病率为 21%，前牙交叉的患病率为 33%，后牙交叉的患病率为 31%。使用奶瓶喂养超过 24 个月（比值比[PR] = 1.6）与开咬的发生有关。母乳喂养时间少于 6 个月（PR = 1.4）和使用安抚奶嘴超过 24 个月（PR = 3.1）与前牙交叉的患病率有关。吸吮手指（PR = 2.9）和使用奶瓶喂养超过 24 个月（PR = 2.6）与后牙交叉有关。
DS 患儿的开咬和交叉的患病率与使用奶瓶喂养和安抚奶嘴超过 24 个月、母乳喂养时间少于 6 个月以及吸吮手指有关。
