Department of Pediatrics, Eastern Virginia Medical School, E. V. Williams Hall, 855 W Brambleton Ave, Norfolk, VA 23510, USA.
JAMA. 2010 May 19;303(19):1961-9. doi: 10.1001/jama.2010.605.
It is well established that maternal prenatal and postpartum depression is prevalent and has negative personal, family, and child developmental outcomes. Paternal depression during this period may have similar characteristics, but data are based on an emerging and currently inconsistent literature.
To describe point estimates and variability in rates of paternal prenatal and postpartum depression over time and its association with maternal depression.
Studies that documented depression in fathers between the first trimester and the first postpartum year were identified through MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE, Google Scholar, dissertation abstracts, and reference lists for the period between January 1980 and October 2009.
Studies that reported identified cases within the selected time frame were included, yielding a total of 43 studies involving 28 004 participants after duplicate reports and data were excluded.
Information on rates of paternal and maternal depression, as well as reported paternal-maternal depressive correlations, was extracted independently by 2 raters. Effect sizes were calculated using logits, which were back-transformed and reported as proportions. Random-effects models of event rates were used because of significant heterogeneity. Moderator analyses included timing, measurement method, and study location. Study quality ratings were calculated and used for sensitivity analysis. Publication bias was evaluated with funnel plots and the Egger method.
Substantial heterogeneity was observed among rates of paternal depression, with a meta-estimate of 10.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 8.5%-12.7%). Higher rates of depression were reported during the 3- to 6-month postpartum period (25.6%; 95% CI, 17.3%-36.1%). The correlation between paternal and maternal depression was positive and moderate in size (r = 0.308; 95% CI, 0.228-0.384). No evidence of significant publication bias was detected.
Prenatal and postpartum depression was evident in about 10% of men in the reviewed studies and was relatively higher in the 3- to 6-month postpartum period. Paternal depression also showed a moderate positive correlation with maternal depression.
众所周知，孕妇产前和产后抑郁症很普遍，会对个人、家庭和儿童发育产生负面影响。在此期间，父亲的抑郁症可能具有类似的特征，但数据基于新兴且目前不一致的文献。
描述父亲在产前和产后期间抑郁症的发生率及其变化，并描述其与母亲抑郁症的相关性。
通过 MEDLINE、PsycINFO、EMBASE、Google Scholar、论文摘要和 1980 年 1 月至 2009 年 10 月期间的参考文献，确定了记录父亲在第一孕期至产后第一年期间抑郁情况的研究。
排除重复报告和数据后，共纳入 43 项研究，涉及 28004 名参与者，这些研究报告了在选定时间范围内确定的病例。
由 2 名评审员独立提取关于父亲和母亲抑郁发生率以及报告的父亲-母亲抑郁相关性的信息。使用对数转换计算效应大小，然后将其转换回比例并报告。由于存在显著异质性，因此使用事件发生率的随机效应模型。调节分析包括时间、测量方法和研究地点。计算研究质量评分并用于敏感性分析。通过漏斗图和 Egger 方法评估发表偏倚。
父亲抑郁发生率存在很大异质性，meta 估计值为 10.4%（95%置信区间[CI]，8.5%-12.7%）。产后 3-6 个月期间报告的抑郁率较高（25.6%；95%CI，17.3%-36.1%）。父亲和母亲抑郁之间的相关性为正，且为中度大小（r=0.308；95%CI，0.228-0.384）。未发现显著的发表偏倚证据。
在回顾的研究中，约有 10%的男性出现产前和产后抑郁症，在产后 3-6 个月期间相对较高。父亲的抑郁症与母亲的抑郁症也呈中度正相关。
