父亲体内高睾酮水平可能会预防父亲出现产后抑郁症状，但会给母亲和孩子带来风险。
High paternal testosterone may protect against postpartum depressive symptoms in fathers, but confer risk to mothers and children.
作者信息
Saxbe Darby E, Schetter Christine Dunkel, Simon Clarissa D, Adam Emma K, Shalowitz Madeleine U
机构信息
Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
出版信息
Horm Behav. 2017 Sep;95:103-112. doi: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2017.07.014. Epub 2017 Aug 31.
Following the birth of an infant, decreases in testosterone and increases in depressive symptoms have been observed in fathers. Paternal testosterone may reflect fathers' investment in pair-bonding and paternal caregiving and, as such, may be associated with maternal and familial well-being. This study tests associations between paternal testosterone, paternal and maternal postpartum depressive symptoms, and subsequent family functioning. Within 149 couples, fathers provided testosterone samples when infants were approximately nine months old and both parents reported on postpartum depressive symptoms at two, nine, and 15months postpartum. Fathers with lower aggregate testosterone reported more depressive symptoms at two and nine months postpartum. Mothers whose partners had higher evening testosterone reported more depressive symptoms at nine and 15months postpartum. Maternal relationship satisfaction mediated this effect, such that mothers with higher testosterone partners reported more relationship dissatisfaction, which in turn predicted more maternal depressive symptoms. Higher paternal testosterone and paternal depressive symptoms at nine months postpartum each independently predicted greater fathering stress at 15months postpartum. Higher paternal testosterone also predicted more mother-reported intimate partner aggression at 15months postpartum. In addition to linear relationships between testosterone and depression, curvilinear relationships emerged such that fathers with both low and high testosterone at nine months postpartum reported more subsequent (15-month) depressive symptoms and fathering stress. In conclusion, whereas higher paternal testosterone may protect against paternal depression, it contributed to maternal distress and suboptimal family outcomes in our sample. Interventions that supplement or alter men's testosterone may have unintended consequences for family well-being.
婴儿出生后，父亲体内的睾酮水平会下降，抑郁症状会增加。父亲的睾酮水平可能反映了父亲在伴侣关系和育儿方面的投入，因此可能与母亲和家庭的幸福感有关。本研究测试了父亲的睾酮水平、父母产后抑郁症状以及随后的家庭功能之间的关联。在149对夫妻中，当婴儿大约九个月大时，父亲提供睾酮样本，父母双方都报告了产后两个月、九个月和十五个月时的抑郁症状。睾酮总量较低的父亲在产后两个月和九个月时报告的抑郁症状更多。伴侣夜间睾酮水平较高的母亲在产后九个月和十五个月时报告的抑郁症状更多。母亲的关系满意度介导了这种影响，即睾酮水平较高的伴侣的母亲报告的关系不满意程度更高，这反过来又预示着更多的母亲抑郁症状。产后九个月时较高的父亲睾酮水平和父亲抑郁症状各自独立地预测了产后十五个月时更大的育儿压力。较高的父亲睾酮水平还预测了产后十五个月时母亲报告的更多亲密伴侣攻击行为。除了睾酮水平与抑郁之间的线性关系外，还出现了曲线关系，即产后九个月时睾酮水平低和高的父亲随后（十五个月时）报告的抑郁症状和育儿压力更多。总之，虽然较高的父亲睾酮水平可能预防父亲抑郁，但在我们的样本中，它导致了母亲的困扰和不理想的家庭结果。补充或改变男性睾酮水平的干预措施可能会对家庭幸福感产生意想不到的后果。
Zotero 插件