Department of International Health, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2010 Jul;92(1):130-6. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.2010.29407. Epub 2010 May 19.
Zinc is necessary for central nervous system development, and maternal zinc status has been associated with developmental differences in offspring.
The objective was to evaluate differences in cognitive, social, and behavioral function in Peruvian children at 54 mo of age whose mothers participated during pregnancy in a zinc supplementation trial.
We attempted to follow up 205 children from a prenatal zinc supplementation trial and present data on 184 (90%) children-86 whose mothers took 25 mg zinc/d in addition to 60 mg iron and 250 microg folic acid and 98 whose mothers took iron and folic acid only. Following a standardized protocol, we assessed children's intelligence, language and number skills, representational ability, interpersonal understanding, and adaptive behavior and behavioral adjustment. We also assessed aspects of the mother (eg, age, education, verbal intelligence, stresses, and social support in parenting) and the home environment [HOME (Home Observation for the Measurement of the Environment) inventory].
No differences were observed between any of the tests used to characterize cognitive, social, or behavioral development (P > 0.05). Child sex, parity, or treatment compliance did not modify the effects of supplementation on any outcomes.
The addition of zinc to prenatal supplements did not influence developmental outcomes in Peruvian children when assessed at 4.5 y of age.
锌对中枢神经系统的发育是必需的，母体的锌状况与后代发育过程中的差异有关。
评估在母亲怀孕期间参加锌补充试验的秘鲁儿童在 54 月龄时的认知、社会和行为功能的差异。
我们试图对 205 名来自产前补锌试验的儿童进行随访，并提供数据，涉及 184 名（90%）儿童，其中 86 名母亲每天服用 25 毫克锌，外加 60 毫克铁和 250 微克叶酸，98 名母亲仅服用铁和叶酸。按照标准化方案，我们评估了儿童的智力、语言和数字技能、表象能力、人际关系理解和适应行为以及行为调整。我们还评估了母亲的某些方面（例如年龄、教育程度、语言智力、压力和育儿方面的社会支持）和家庭环境[HOME（家庭观察评估环境）量表]。
在用于描述认知、社会或行为发育的任何测试中，都没有观察到任何差异（P > 0.05）。儿童的性别、胎次或治疗依从性都没有改变补充剂对任何结果的影响。
在评估 4.5 岁时，在产前补充剂中添加锌不会影响秘鲁儿童的发育结果。
