Department of Otolaryngology, Fay and Carl Simons Center for the Biology of Hearing and Deafness, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Ave., Box 8115, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Hear Res. 2011 Mar;273(1-2):72-9. doi: 10.1016/j.heares.2010.05.004. Epub 2010 May 19.
The ears of nonmammalian vertebrates are capable of regenerating sensory hair cells after acoustic trauma or ototoxic injury. In contrast, the mammalian inner ear lacks regenerative ability and the loss of hair cells results in permanent deficits in hearing and balance. Comparative observations across all vertebrate classes suggest that regenerative ability was a stem trait and was lost during the course of mammalian evolution. This review provides an overview of regeneration and post-embryonic growth in the vertebrate ear. It is suggested that the lack of regeneration in the mammalian ear was the result of a trade-off between phenotypic plasticity of supporting cells and sensitive high frequency hearing.
非哺乳动物的耳朵在声学创伤或耳毒性损伤后能够再生感觉毛细胞。相比之下，哺乳动物的内耳缺乏再生能力，毛细胞的丧失会导致听力和平衡的永久性缺陷。对所有脊椎动物类群的比较观察表明，再生能力是一个原始特征，在哺乳动物进化过程中丢失了。本综述概述了脊椎动物耳朵的再生和胚胎后生长。有人认为，哺乳动物耳朵缺乏再生能力是支持细胞表型可塑性和高频敏感听力之间权衡的结果。
