早产儿的视觉习惯化和去习惯化：综述和荟萃分析。
Visual habituation and dishabituation in preterm infants: a review and meta-analysis.
机构信息
University of Bonn, Institute for Psychology, Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Kaiser-Karl-Ring 9, 53111 Bonn, Germany.
出版信息
Res Dev Disabil. 2010 Sep-Oct;31(5):951-75. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2010.04.016. Epub 2010 May 21.
We review comparative studies of infant habituation and dishabituation performance focusing on preterm infants. Habituation refers to cognitive encoding, and dishabituation refers to discrimination and memory. If habituation and dishabituation constitute basic information-processing skills, and preterm infants suffer cognitive disadvantages, then preterms should show diminished habituation and dishabituation performance. Our review provides evidence that preterm infants' habituation and dishabituation are impoverished relative to term infants. On the whole, effect sizes indicated that the differences between preterms and terms are of a medium magnitude. We also find that preterms' performance is moderated by risk factors, stimulus materials, procedural variables, and age. These factors need to be taken into account in the construction of tests in which habituation-dishabituation tasks are employed. Overall, the habituation-dishabituation paradigm presents a promising approach in the diagnosis of cognitive status and development in preterm infants.
我们回顾了比较婴儿习惯化和去习惯化表现的研究，重点关注早产儿。习惯化是指认知编码，而去习惯化是指辨别和记忆。如果习惯化和去习惯化构成了基本的信息处理技能，而早产儿存在认知劣势，那么早产儿应该表现出习惯化和去习惯化表现的减弱。我们的综述提供了证据，表明早产儿的习惯化和去习惯化相对于足月儿来说是贫乏的。总的来说，效应量表明早产儿和足月儿之间的差异具有中等幅度。我们还发现，早产儿的表现受到风险因素、刺激材料、程序变量和年龄的调节。在构建使用习惯化-去习惯化任务的测试时，需要考虑这些因素。总的来说，习惯化-去习惯化范式在早产儿认知状态和发育的诊断中呈现出很有前途的方法。
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