Painter Julia E, Sales Jessica M, Pazol Karen, Grimes Tanisha, Wingood Gina M, DiClemente Ralph J
Department of Behavioral Sciences, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road, Room 557, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
Health Promot Pract. 2010 May;11(3 Suppl):42S-52S. doi: 10.1177/1524839909360171.
The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recently recommended that all children 6 months to 18 years old be vaccinated annually against influenza. School-based influenza vaccination interventions may potentially increase influenza vaccination rates among hard-to-reach populations, particularly rural adolescents. This article describes the theoretical framework, intervention development, and lessons learned from 1st-year implementation of a multicomponent intervention aimed to promote influenza vaccine acceptance among multiethnic (predominantly African American) adolescents attending middle and high school in rural Georgia. Adolescents, parents, and school administrators were active participants in the development and implementation of the intervention. The educational intervention, which consisted of a brochure and a school skit/ presentation, was guided by constructs from the Health Belief Model and social norms. Process evaluation results indicated that our intervention development methods were successful in creating a low-cost, theory-based educational intervention that garnered community investment and met the cultural relevance and literacy needs of our target audience. To our knowledge, this study is the first to extensively engage middle- and high-school students and parents in the design and implementation of key educational components of a theory-based influenza vaccination intervention.
免疫实践咨询委员会（ACIP）最近建议，所有6个月至18岁的儿童每年接种流感疫苗。以学校为基础的流感疫苗接种干预措施可能会提高难以接触人群，特别是农村青少年的流感疫苗接种率。本文描述了一个多成分干预措施第一年实施的理论框架、干预措施的制定以及从中吸取的经验教训，该干预措施旨在提高佐治亚州农村地区多民族（主要是非裔美国人）的初中和高中青少年对流感疫苗的接受度。青少年、家长和学校管理人员是干预措施制定和实施的积极参与者。教育干预措施包括一本宣传册和一场校园短剧/演示，以健康信念模型和社会规范为指导。过程评估结果表明，我们的干预措施开发方法成功地创建了一种低成本、基于理论的教育干预措施，该措施获得了社区投资，并满足了目标受众的文化相关性和识字需求。据我们所知，这项研究是首次让初中生和高中生以及家长广泛参与基于理论的流感疫苗接种干预关键教育组成部分的设计和实施。
