Centre de Recherche Fernand-Seguin, Hôpital Louis-H. Lafontaine, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Psychiatry Res. 2010 Oct 30;179(3):274-8. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2009.08.009. Epub 2010 May 21.
Patients with schizophrenia may have sleep disorders even when clinically stable under antipsychotic treatments. To better understand this issue, we measured sleep characteristics between 1999 and 2003 in 150 outpatients diagnosed with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition (DSM-IV) schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and 80 healthy controls using a sleep habits questionnaire. Comparisons between both groups were performed and multiple comparisons were Bonferroni corrected. Compared to healthy controls, patients with schizophrenia reported significantly increased sleep latency, time in bed, total sleep time and frequency of naps during weekdays and weekends along with normal sleep efficiency, sleep satisfaction, and feeling of restfulness in the morning. In conclusion, sleep-onset insomnia is a major, enduring disorder in middle-aged, non-hospitalized patients with schizophrenia that are otherwise clinically stable under antipsychotic and adjuvant medications. Noteworthy, these patients do not complain of sleep-maintenance insomnia but report increased sleep propensity and normal sleep satisfaction. These results may reflect circadian disturbances in schizophrenia, but objective laboratory investigations are needed to confirm subjective sleep reports.
精神分裂症患者即使在抗精神病药物治疗下临床稳定，也可能存在睡眠障碍。为了更好地了解这一问题，我们使用睡眠习惯问卷，于 1999 年至 2003 年间，对 150 名被诊断为精神障碍诊断与统计手册第四版（DSM-IV）精神分裂症或分裂情感障碍的门诊患者和 80 名健康对照者的睡眠特征进行了测量。对两组进行了比较，并对多重比较进行了 Bonferroni 校正。与健康对照组相比，精神分裂症患者报告称，在工作日和周末时，入睡潜伏期、卧床时间、总睡眠时间和小睡频率显著增加，同时睡眠效率、睡眠满意度和早晨的休息感正常。总之，对于中年、非住院的抗精神病药物和辅助药物治疗下临床稳定的精神分裂症患者来说，入睡困难是一种主要的、持续存在的障碍。值得注意的是，这些患者并不抱怨维持睡眠困难，但报告称睡眠倾向增加且睡眠满意度正常。这些结果可能反映了精神分裂症中的昼夜节律紊乱，但需要进行客观的实验室研究来证实主观的睡眠报告。
