CNRS and University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci. 2010 May;10(2):208-16. doi: 10.3758/CABN.10.2.208.
Human reasoning is often biased by intuitive beliefs. A key question is whether the bias results from a failure to detect that the intuitions conflict with logical considerations or from a failure to discard these tempting intuitions. The present study addressed this unresolved debate by focusing on conflict-related autonomic nervous system modulation during biased reasoning. Participants' skin conductance responses (SCRs) were monitored while they solved classic syllogisms in which a cued intuitive response could be inconsistent or consistent with the logical correct response. Results indicated that all reasoners showed increased SCRs when solving the inconsistent conflict problems. Experiment 2 validated that this autonomic arousal boost was absent when people were not engaged in an active reasoning task. The presence of a clear autonomic conflict response during reasoning lends credence to the idea that reasoners have a "gut" feeling that signals that their intuitive response is not logically warranted. Supplemental materials for this article may be downloaded from http://cabn.psychonomic-journals.org/content/supplemental.
人类的推理常常受到直觉信念的影响。一个关键问题是，这种偏差是由于未能检测到直觉与逻辑推理之间的冲突，还是由于未能摒弃这些诱人的直觉。本研究通过关注在有偏差的推理过程中与冲突相关的自主神经系统调节，解决了这一未解决的争论。在参与者解决经典的三段论时，监测他们的皮肤电反应（SCR），其中提示的直觉反应可能与逻辑正确反应不一致或一致。结果表明，所有的推理者在解决不一致的冲突问题时，SCR 都会增加。实验 2 验证了当人们不参与积极的推理任务时，这种自主唤醒的增加就不存在了。在推理过程中出现明显的自主冲突反应，这使得人们相信推理者有一种“直觉”，这种直觉表明他们的直觉反应在逻辑上是没有根据的。本文的补充材料可以从 http://cabn.psychonomic-journals.org/content/supplemental 下载。
