Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokration General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2010 Oct;36(4):517-20. doi: 10.1002/uog.7691.
A large (165 × 235 × 250 mm) solitary, unilocular cyst with a thin, smooth wall and homogeneous anechoic content was detected during a routine ultrasound scan at 24 weeks of gestation in an asymptomatic 39-year-old woman with a singleton pregnancy. The cyst was aseptate, lacked mural blood flow and was not associated with ascites. It was located in the central abdominal area above and anterior to the uterus. Gradually increasing abdominal discomfort developed, and a laparotomy was performed at 27 weeks; the cyst was removed after aspiration of 6.3 L of serous fluid and the ipsilateral ovary was preserved. Pathological examination indicated a large luteinized follicular cyst of pregnancy. A healthy male infant was delivered vaginally at term. A rapidly enlarging ovarian mass in pregnancy poses significant diagnostic problems. Large luteinized cysts of pregnancy are uncommon and thought to involve stimulation by human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), or increased tissue sensitivity to hCG. A literature search identified four previous cases that had been detected prenatally. With one exception, the cysts appeared to enlarge during pregnancy, eventually becoming symptomatic, and two previous cases also required removal of the cyst before birth. Adverse pregnancy outcome was only reported in one of the previous cases. In summary, large luteinized cysts of pregnancy are an uncommon type of cystic mass particular to pregnancy, characterized by the combination of a benign appearance and a tendency to enlarge rapidly, eventually becoming symptomatic and most often necessitating surgery.
在一名 39 岁的无症状单胎妊娠女性妊娠 24 周的常规超声检查中，发现一个大（165×235×250mm）的、单发的、单房性囊肿，囊壁薄而光滑，内部呈均匀无回声。该囊肿无分隔，缺乏壁血流，与腹水无关。它位于子宫上方和前方的中央腹部区域。逐渐出现腹部不适，在妊娠 27 周时进行了剖腹手术；抽吸 6.3 升浆液性液体后切除了囊肿，并保留了同侧卵巢。病理检查提示为妊娠黄体化滤泡囊肿。足月时经阴道分娩出一名健康男婴。妊娠期间快速增大的卵巢肿块会带来重大的诊断问题。妊娠黄体化囊肿较为罕见，被认为与人绒毛膜促性腺激素（hCG）的刺激或 hCG 对组织的敏感性增加有关。文献检索确定了之前产前检测到的 4 例病例。除了一例之外，这些囊肿似乎在妊娠期间增大，最终出现症状，之前还有两例也需要在分娩前切除囊肿。之前的病例中只有一例报告了不良妊娠结局。总之，妊娠黄体化囊肿是妊娠特有的一种罕见的囊性肿块类型，其特征是良性外观和快速增大的趋势，最终会出现症状，通常需要手术治疗。
