Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1104, United States.
Cognition. 2010 Aug;116(2):283-8. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2010.05.001. Epub 2010 May 23.
We examined predictions derived from Valentine's (1991) Multidimensional Space (MDS) framework for own- and other-race face processing. A set of 20 computerized faces was generated from a single prototype. Each face was saved as Black and White, changing only skin tone, such that structurally identical faces were represented in both race categories. Participants made speeded "same-different" judgments to all possible combinations of faces, from which we generated psychological spaces, with "different" RTs as the measure of similarity. Consistent with the MDS framework, all faces were pseudo-normally distributed around the (unseen) prototype. The distribution of faces was consistent with Valentine's (1991) predictions: despite their physical identity to the White faces, Black faces had lower mean inter-object distances in psychological space. Other-race faces are more densely clustered in psychological space, which could underlie well-known recognition deficits.
我们检验了 Valentine（1991）多维空间（MDS）框架对自身和他人种族面孔处理的预测。从一个原型生成了一组 20 张计算机化面孔。每张脸都被保存为黑白两种颜色，只改变肤色，使得结构相同的脸在两个种族类别中都有代表。参与者对所有可能的面孔组合进行了快速的“相同-不同”判断，我们从这些判断中生成了心理空间，以“不同”的 RT 作为相似性的衡量标准。与 MDS 框架一致，所有的面孔都围绕着（未看到的）原型呈伪正态分布。面孔的分布与 Valentine（1991）的预测一致：尽管与白人面孔在物理上相同，但黑人面孔在心理空间中的对象间距离平均值较低。异族面孔在心理空间中更密集地聚集，这可能是众所周知的识别缺陷的基础。
