Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, Missouri 64110, USA.
Dev Dyn. 2010 Jun;239(6):1664-73. doi: 10.1002/dvdy.22303.
Cranial neural crest cells (NCCs) require neuropilin signaling to reach and invade the branchial arches. Here, we use an in vivo chick model to investigate whether the neuropilin-1 knockdown phenotype is specific to the second branchial arch (ba2), changes in NCC behaviors and phenotypic consequences, and whether neuropilins work together to facilitate entry into and invasion of ba2. We find that cranial NCCs with reduced neuropilin-1 expression displayed shorter protrusions and decreased cell body and nuclear length-to-width ratios characteristic of a loss in polarity and motility, after specific interaction with ba2. Directed NCC migration was rescued by transplantation of transfected NCCs into rhombomere 4 of younger hosts. Lastly, reduction of neuropilin-2 expression by shRNA either solely or with reduction of neuropilin-1 expression did not lead to a stronger head phenotype. Thus, NCCs, independent of rhombomere origin, require neuropilin-1, but not neuropilin-2 to maintain polarity and directed migration into ba2.
颅神经嵴细胞（NCC）需要神经钙黏蛋白信号才能到达并侵入鳃弓。在这里，我们使用体内鸡模型来研究神经钙黏蛋白-1 敲低表型是否仅特异性地影响第二鳃弓（ba2）、NCC 行为的变化和表型后果，以及神经钙黏蛋白是否共同作用以促进进入和侵入 ba2。我们发现，与 ba2 特异性相互作用后，表达降低的颅 NCC 表现出较短的突起，并且细胞体和核的长度-宽度比降低，这是极性和运动性丧失的特征。通过将转染的 NCC 移植到年轻宿主的菱形 4 中，定向 NCC 迁移得到了挽救。最后，shRNA 减少神经钙黏蛋白-2 的表达，无论是单独还是与神经钙黏蛋白-1 的表达减少，都不会导致更强烈的头部表型。因此，NCC 不依赖于菱形起源，需要神经钙黏蛋白-1，但不需要神经钙黏蛋白-2 来维持进入 ba2 的极性和定向迁移。
