California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, California, USA.
Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2010 Jun;293(6):947-54. doi: 10.1002/ar.20824.
The basement membrane zone (BMZ) appears as three component layers: the lamina lucida, lamina densa, and lamina reticularis. The laminas lucida and densa are present during all stages of development. The lamina reticularis appears during postnatal development. Collagens I, III, and V form heterogeneous fibers that account for the thickness of the lamina reticularis. Additionally, there are three proteoglycans considered as integral components of the BMZ: perlecan, collagen XVIII, and bamacan. Perlecan is the predominant heparan sulfate proteoglycan in the airway BMZ. It is responsible for many of the functions attributed to the BMZ, in particular, trafficking of growth factors and cytokines between epithelial and mesenchymal cells. Growth factor binding sites on perlecan include FGF-1, FGF-2, FGF-7, FGF-10, PDGF, HGF, HB-EGF, VEGF, and TGF-beta. Growth factors pass through the BMZ when moving between the epithelial and mesenchymal cell layers. They move by rapid reversible binding with sites on both the heparan sulfate chains and core protein of perlecan. In this manner, perlecan regulates movement of growth factors between tissues. Another function of the BMZ is storage and regulation of FGF-2. FGF-2 has been shown to be involved with normal growth and thickening of the BMZ. Thickening of the BMZ is a feature of airway remodeling in asthma. It may have a positive effect by protecting against airway narrowing and air trapping. Conversely, it may have a negative effect by influencing trafficking of growth factors in the epithelial mesenchymal trophic unit. However, currently the significance of BMZ thickening is not known.
基底膜带（BMZ）呈现为三个组成层：透明层、致密层和网状层。透明层和致密层在所有发育阶段都存在。网状层在出生后发育过程中出现。I、III 和 V 型胶原形成异质纤维，构成网状层的厚度。此外，有三种糖胺聚糖蛋白被认为是 BMZ 的固有成分： 层粘连蛋白聚糖、XVIII 型胶原和 bamacan。层粘连蛋白聚糖是气道 BMZ 中主要的肝素硫酸蛋白聚糖。它负责许多归因于 BMZ 的功能，特别是上皮细胞和间充质细胞之间生长因子和细胞因子的运输。层粘连蛋白聚糖上的生长因子结合位点包括 FGF-1、FGF-2、FGF-7、FGF-10、PDGF、HGF、HB-EGF、VEGF 和 TGF-β。生长因子在向上皮细胞和间充质细胞层之间移动时通过 BMZ。它们通过与层粘连蛋白聚糖的肝素硫酸盐链和核心蛋白上的位点快速可逆结合来移动。通过这种方式，层粘连蛋白聚糖调节生长因子在组织间的移动。BMZ 的另一个功能是储存和调节 FGF-2。已经表明 FGF-2 参与了 BMZ 的正常生长和增厚。BMZ 的增厚是哮喘中气道重塑的一个特征。它通过保护气道狭窄和空气滞留可能具有积极作用。相反，它可能通过影响上皮-间充质营养单位中生长因子的运输而产生负面影响。然而，目前尚不清楚 BMZ 增厚的意义。
