Takahashi Yoshinobu, Hashimoto Naoya, Hino Akihiko
Department of Neurosurgery, Hokuto Hospital, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan.
Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo). 2010;50(5):399-401. doi: 10.2176/nmc.50.399.
Epidural hematoma is typically caused by direct head trauma. Spontaneous epidural hematoma can be caused by infections of adjacent regions, vascular malformations of the dura mater, and disorders of blood coagulation. A 10-year-old girl with no history of head injury presented with complaints of headache and fever. On arrival at our hospital, her Glasgow Coma Scale score was 13 and neurological examination revealed right oculomotor palsy and left hemiparesis. Computed tomography (CT) showed an epidural hematoma in the right temporal base. Preoperative angiography identified no specific vascular lesions. Removal of the hematoma was undertaken immediately. Retrospective evaluation of the preoperative CT revealed sphenoid sinusitis and a bone defect between the temporal base and the sphenoid sinus. The epidural hematoma was probably caused by the spread of inflammation from the sphenoid sinus. Sphenoid sinusitis is one of the possible causes of acute epidural hematoma, especially if no traumatic episodes or risk factors can be identified.
硬膜外血肿通常由头部直接外伤引起。自发性硬膜外血肿可由邻近区域感染、硬脑膜血管畸形及凝血功能障碍导致。一名10岁无头部损伤史的女孩出现头痛和发热症状。入院时,她的格拉斯哥昏迷量表评分为13分,神经系统检查发现右眼动眼神经麻痹和左侧偏瘫。计算机断层扫描(CT)显示右侧颞底部有硬膜外血肿。术前血管造影未发现特定血管病变。立即进行了血肿清除术。对术前CT的回顾性评估显示蝶窦炎以及颞底部与蝶窦之间的骨质缺损。硬膜外血肿可能是由蝶窦炎症蔓延所致。蝶窦炎是急性硬膜外血肿的可能病因之一,尤其是在未发现外伤事件或危险因素的情况下。