Violence and Society Research Group, School of Dentistry, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XY, UK.
Psychiatry Res. 2010 Aug 15;178(3):536-9. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2009.05.006. Epub 2010 May 26.
The use of weapons in violence increases both the severity of harm to victims and the severity of legal consequences for offenders, but little is known of the characteristics of violent offenders who choose to use weapons. Levels of anger, attitude to risk, time discounting, and antisocial history among a sample of weapon-using violent offenders (n=15) were compared to violent offenders who had not used a weapon (n=10) and nonviolent offenders (n=15). Results showed that weapon-using violent offenders displayed greater trait aggression and were more risk seeking than other offender types. In addition, weapon-using violent offenders were first convicted at an earlier age and truanted from school more frequently compared to other offender types. The results indicate that weapon users are more aggressive and more risk taking, but no more present focused than other violent and nonviolent offenders. Further research into the cognitive and social factors that influence weapon use is required if this dangerous behavior is to be reduced.
在暴力事件中使用武器会增加受害者受到的伤害程度和违法者受到的法律后果的严重程度，但人们对选择使用武器的暴力犯罪者的特征知之甚少。本研究比较了一组使用武器的暴力犯罪者（n=15）、未使用武器的暴力犯罪者（n=10）和非暴力犯罪者（n=15）的愤怒水平、风险态度、时间折扣和反社会史。结果表明，与其他犯罪者类型相比，使用武器的暴力犯罪者表现出更大的特质攻击性，并且更倾向于冒险。此外，与其他犯罪者类型相比，使用武器的暴力犯罪者首次被定罪的年龄更早，逃学更频繁。研究结果表明，使用武器者更具攻击性，更倾向于冒险，但与其他暴力和非暴力犯罪者相比，他们更缺乏当下关注。如果要减少这种危险行为，就需要进一步研究影响武器使用的认知和社会因素。
