Miranda Milma Pires de Melo, de Paula Cristiane Silvestre, Bordin Isabel Altenfelder
Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, AL 57072-900, Brasil.
Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2010 Apr;27(4):300-8. doi: 10.1590/s1020-49892010000400009.
To estimate the lifetime prevalence of domestic violence against women (DVAW) in a low-income urban community and evaluate the immediate impact of DVAW on health, work, and family life.
The present cross-sectional study was carried out in the city of Embu (state of São Paulo, Brazil) as part of an international multicenter project (World Studies of Abuse in the Family Environment, WorldSAFE). A probabilistic sample of census sector-based clusters including all eligible households identified was used. A total of 784 women (age 16-49 years) with at least one child younger than 18 years and a lifetime resident husband/partner were included. We evaluated the occurrence of any kind of DVAW (slapping, kicking, hitting, beating, threatening to use or using a weapon, other aggressions mentioned spontaneously), of severe DVAW (same items, except slapping and other aggressions informed spontaneously), and of immediate impacts on the health, work, and family of the victims.
The prevalence of DVAW was 26.0% for any kind of violence and 18.5% for severe DVAW. Among the victims of any kind of DVAW, 38.7% judged that they needed medical care, 4.4% were hospitalized, 18.1% were incapacitated for work (paid work or household chores), 51.5% left their partner due to the aggression and 66.7% had children who witnessed the violence. For severe violence, these rates were 51.0, 5.5, 23.4, 59.3 and 75.9%, respectively. Shame and fear of retaliation obstructed access to medical care.
The frequency of DVAW is high in the studied community and produces immediate impacts on the victim's health, work, and family life. These impacts decrease the victim's ability to look for help and hinder the breaking of the cycle of violence.
评估一个低收入城市社区中针对妇女的家庭暴力（DVAW）的终生患病率，并评估DVAW对健康、工作和家庭生活的直接影响。
本横断面研究在巴西圣保罗州恩布市开展，作为一项国际多中心项目（家庭环境中的虐待全球研究，WorldSAFE）的一部分。采用基于普查区集群的概率抽样，纳入所有确定的符合条件的家庭。共纳入784名年龄在16至49岁之间、至少有一个18岁以下子女且有常住丈夫/伴侣的妇女。我们评估了任何形式的DVAW（扇耳光、踢打、殴打、威胁使用或使用武器、其他自发提及的攻击行为）、严重DVAW（除扇耳光和其他自发提及的攻击行为外的相同项目）以及对受害者健康、工作和家庭的直接影响。
任何形式暴力的DVAW患病率为26.0%，严重DVAW患病率为18.5%。在任何形式DVAW的受害者中，38.7%认为自己需要医疗护理，4.4%住院治疗，18.1%无法工作（有偿工作或家务），51.5%因攻击行为而离开伴侣，66.7%的子女目睹了暴力行为。对于严重暴力行为，这些比例分别为51.0%、5.5%、23.4%、59.3%和75.9%。羞耻感和对报复的恐惧阻碍了获得医疗护理。
在所研究的社区中，DVAW的发生率很高，并对受害者的健康、工作和家庭生活产生直接影响。这些影响降低了受害者寻求帮助的能力，并阻碍了暴力循环的打破。
