Bruschi Alessandra, de Paula Cristiane Silvestre, Bordin Isabel Altenfelder Santos
Departamento de Psiquiatria, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
Rev Saude Publica. 2006 Apr;40(2):256-64. doi: 10.1590/s0034-89102006000200011. Epub 2006 Mar 29.
To estimate the lifetime prevalence of physical marital violence among women from a low-income urban community and to investigate help-seeking behavior among victims.
This is the Brazilian pilot cross-sectional study for an international multicenter study conducted in 1999, and is based on a probabilistic cluster sample from the municipality of Embu, São Paulo State. We considered as eligible women aged 15 to 49 years, living with children under age 18 years, who had lived with a husband or partner in lifetime. Information was collected using standardized questionnaires (n=86), administered by trained interviewers. We investigated three types of physical violence: severe (kicking, hitting with fist, beating, and/or use/threat to use weapon), non-severe (slapping in the absence of severe violence), and any type (severe and/or non-severe and/or other physical aggressions spontaneously referred), as well as the type of help sought by the victim (from people or institutions). We calculated frequency and 95% confidence intervals for each type of violence.
Subjects reported slapping (32.6%), hitting with fist (17.5%), beating (15,2%), use/threat to use weapon (13.9%), and kicking (10.6%). Prevalence of marital violence was high: 22.1% (13.3-30.9) for severe violence, 10.5% (4.0-17.0) for non-severe violence, and 33.7% (32.7-34.7) for any type of violence. Victims of severe violence were more likely to seek help from the police (36.8%) or from traditional healers (21.1%) than from health care facilities (5.3%), despite the availability of these services in the area.
Physical marital violence is frequent and severe among the population studied, and help was sought preferentially from the police or traditional healers rather than from health care services.
评估来自低收入城市社区的女性遭受身体虐待的终生患病率，并调查受害者寻求帮助的行为。
这是1999年开展的一项国际多中心研究的巴西试点横断面研究，基于圣保罗州恩布市的概率整群抽样。我们将年龄在15至49岁、育有18岁以下子女且曾与丈夫或伴侣共同生活过的女性视为合格对象。信息通过由经过培训的访谈员发放的标准化问卷（n = 86）收集。我们调查了三种身体暴力类型：严重暴力（踢打、拳击、殴打和/或使用/威胁使用武器）、非严重暴力（在无严重暴力情况下的掌掴）以及任何类型的暴力（严重和/或非严重和/或自发提及的其他身体攻击），以及受害者寻求帮助的对象（个人或机构）。我们计算了每种暴力类型的频率和95%置信区间。
受试者报告曾遭受掌掴（32.6%）、拳击（17.5%）、殴打（15.2%）、使用/威胁使用武器（13.9%）以及踢打（10.6%）。婚姻暴力的患病率很高：严重暴力为22.1%（13.3 - 30.9），非严重暴力为10.5%（4.0 - 17.0），任何类型的暴力为33.7%（32.7 - 34.7）。尽管该地区有医疗保健服务，但严重暴力的受害者更倾向于向警方（36.8%）或传统治疗师（21.1%）寻求帮助，而非医疗保健机构（5.3%）。
在所研究的人群中，身体虐待的婚姻暴力很常见且严重，受害者优先向警方或传统治疗师而非医疗保健服务机构寻求帮助。
