Tekok Kiliç Ayda, Elmastas-Dikec Banu, Can Handan
Brock University, Child and youth Studies Department, St Catharines, Canada.
Turk Psikiyatri Derg. 2010 Summer;21(2):97-104.
Visual-motor integration skills are considered an essential domain of clinical and psycho-educational assessment. The goal of the present investigation is to provide the Turkish norms for the Beery-Buktenica Developmental Visual-Motor Integration Test (VMI-4th) for children and adolescents between the ages of 6-15 years as part of a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery.
A total of 1887 children from elementary and high schools in the city of Bursa were recruited for this study. From this sample 44 children were re-tested 3-4 weeks following the first administration for test-retest reliability.
Findings showed clear developmental trajectories in visual-motor integration skills. Significant performance increments were observed in six month intervals for ages 6 and 7. Starting from age 8, norms were established for each age group separately. Girls and boys performed similarly on the VMI-4. Test- retest correlation was modest but within an acceptable range.
The age-based norms established for the VMI-4 in this study can be used to assess children between the ages of 6-15 years as part of a clinical neuropsychological and a psycho-educational assessment. The mean VMI scores presented in this study represent performance of children in middle and middle-upper socio-economic status and may not represent the normal performance range of children from lower SES.
视动整合技能被认为是临床和心理教育评估的一个重要领域。本研究的目的是为6至15岁的儿童和青少年提供贝利-布克滕尼卡发展性视动整合测试（VMI-4）的土耳其常模，作为综合神经心理测试组的一部分。
本研究共招募了布尔萨市中小学的1887名儿童。从这个样本中，44名儿童在首次测试后3至4周进行了重新测试，以评估重测信度。
研究结果显示视动整合技能有明显的发展轨迹。6岁和7岁儿童每隔6个月的表现有显著提高。从8岁开始，分别为每个年龄组建立了常模。女孩和男孩在VMI-4测试中的表现相似。重测相关性适中，但在可接受范围内。
本研究中为VMI-4建立的基于年龄的常模可用于评估6至15岁儿童，作为临床神经心理和心理教育评估的一部分。本研究中呈现的VMI平均分数代表了社会经济地位处于中上等的儿童的表现，可能不代表社会经济地位较低儿童的正常表现范围。
