Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
Biomed Environ Sci. 2010 Apr;23(2):83-91. doi: 10.1016/S0895-3988(10)60036-0.
To explore the effect of in-home fortification of complementary feeding on intellectual development of Chinese children aged below 24 months.
One thousand and four hundred seventy eight children aged 4-12 months were recruited and divided into study groups (formula 1 group and formula 2 group) and control group. In two study groups, in addition to the usual complementary food, children were fed with a sachet of fortified food supplement each day. Protein and micronutrients were provided in formula 1 group. Formula 2 group had the same energy intake as the formula 1 group . In addition to measurement of physical growth and detection of hemoglobin level, Development Quotient (DQ) or Intelligence Quotient (IQ) was assessed.
The DQ of children aged below 24 months was 97.2, 95.5, and 93.8 in formula 1 group, formula 2 group and control group, respectively, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The DQ of children in formula 1 group, formula 2 group, and control group was 92.7, 90.4, and 88.3 respectively in the first follow up showing statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). And, DQ of children in formula 1 group, formula 2 group and control group were 96.7, 94.5, and 93.7 respectively in the second follow up, showing statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). Full-IQ of children in the formula 1 group was 3.1 and 4.5 points higher than that in formula 2 group and in control group respectively. Verbal IQ of children in the formula 1 group was 2.1 and 5 points higher than that in formula 2 group and control group respectively. Performance IQ was 2.5 and 3.1 points higher than that in formula 2 group and control group respectively. All above mentioned comparisons were statistically significant.
Fortification of complementary feeding showed persistent effect on intelligence development of young children which could persist to 6 years of age. The critical time for correction of anemia could be under 18 months.
探讨家庭强化补充喂养对中国 24 个月以下儿童智力发育的影响。
将 1478 名 4-12 月龄儿童分为研究组（配方 1 组和配方 2 组）和对照组。在两组研究组中，除了常规的补充食物外，每天还给予儿童服用一包强化食品补充剂。配方 1 组提供蛋白质和微量营养素。配方 2 组的能量摄入量与配方 1 组相同。除了测量身体生长和检测血红蛋白水平外，还评估了发育商（DQ）或智商（IQ）。
24 个月以下儿童的 DQ 值分别为配方 1 组 97.2、配方 2 组 95.5 和对照组 93.8，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。配方 1 组、配方 2 组和对照组儿童在第一次随访时的 DQ 值分别为 92.7、90.4 和 88.3，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。此外，配方 1 组、配方 2 组和对照组儿童在第二次随访时的 DQ 值分别为 96.7、94.5 和 93.7，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。配方 1 组儿童的全智商（FIQ）比配方 2 组和对照组分别高出 3.1 和 4.5 分。配方 1 组儿童的言语智商（VIQ）比配方 2 组和对照组分别高出 2.1 和 5 分。配方 1 组儿童的操作智商（PIQ）比配方 2 组和对照组分别高出 2.5 和 3.1 分。以上所有比较均有统计学意义。
强化补充喂养对幼儿智力发育有持续影响，这种影响可持续到 6 岁。纠正贫血的关键时期可能在 18 个月以下。
