Kato T
Department of Radiology, Akita University Hospital.
Rinsho Byori. 1991 Apr;39(4):333-7.
The hazardous effects of ionizing radiation to man are well recognized, and they are divided into two groups, the stochastic effects (hereditary and carcinogenic effect) and non-stochastic effects (somatic effects such as depression of hematopoiesis, chronic dermatitis and cataracta). The basic framework of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) is intended to prevent the occurrence of non-stochastic effects, by keeping doses below the relevant thresholds, and to ensure that all reasonable aspects are taken to reduce the incidence of stochastic effects. In Japan, the regulatory provisions of radiological protection of the workers occupationally exposed to ionizing radiation are based on the recommendation of ICRP adopted in 1977. According to these regulations, the dose equivalent limits of occupational exposure of man has been decided at 50 mSv/year. The monitoring of exposure to the individual and the procedure of medical examination of the workers are briefly described and discussed.
电离辐射对人体的有害影响已得到充分认识，这些影响分为两组，即随机效应（遗传效应和致癌效应）和非随机效应（躯体效应，如造血功能抑制、慢性皮炎和白内障）。国际放射防护委员会（ICRP）的基本框架旨在通过将剂量保持在相关阈值以下来预防非随机效应的发生，并确保采取一切合理措施来降低随机效应的发生率。在日本，对职业性接触电离辐射的工人的放射防护监管规定是基于1977年通过的ICRP建议。根据这些规定，人体职业照射的剂量当量限值已确定为每年50毫希沃特。简要介绍并讨论了对个体照射的监测以及工人的医学检查程序。
