Gröger A, Kuropkat C, Mang A, Gradinger R
City Med. München.
Sportverletz Sportschaden. 2010 Jun;24(2):91-7. doi: 10.1055/s-0029-1245332. Epub 2010 Jun 1.
Due to the fast and physical nature of the game, prevention of injuries is an important issue in ice hockey. The injuries of the German male senior and junior (U16, U17, U18, U19, U20) national ice hockey teams were documented and analyzed in 1006 games between 1986 and 2006. This unique long observation period over 20 years, as well as the standardized protocol of documentation provides reliable data concerning injury pattern in German international ice hockey. Overall 277 injuries were recorded. Comparing the first and the last ten years of observation, the number did not decline over the time, despite various national and international efforts of injury prevention. The majority of the injuries, almost 60%, were caused by body contact with increasing tendency. Remarkably, the injuries with no body or puck/stick contact more than doubled in the last ten years compared to the first ten years of observation. Most injuries happened to the extremities with decreasing tendency to lower body and increasing tendency to upper body injuries. The number of head injuries did not change significantly. More injuries occurred in the second and third period compared to the first period of the game. The data of this study indicate that many injuries might be due to insufficient physical condition with consecutive lack of concentration and coordination. Players do not seem to meet the increasing technical and athletic requirements of international ice-hockey. The increasing speed and physical energy in international ice-hockey make the game unique and fascinating. Therefore, the aim must be to decrease the number and above all the severity of injuries by further development and adjustment of the player's equipment. Also, a better cooperation of players, coaches, sports medicine and referees seems to be necessary for injury prevention in the future.
由于冰球运动的快速性和身体对抗性，预防受伤是冰球运动中的一个重要问题。对1986年至2006年间德国男子成年及青少年（U16、U17、U18、U19、U20）国家冰球队在1006场比赛中的受伤情况进行了记录和分析。这一长达20多年的独特长期观察期以及标准化的记录方案提供了有关德国国际冰球运动中受伤模式的可靠数据。总共记录了277起受伤事件。比较观察的第一个十年和最后一个十年，尽管国家和国际层面为预防受伤做出了各种努力，但受伤数量并未随时间下降。大多数受伤事件，近60%，是由身体接触导致的，且呈增加趋势。值得注意的是，与观察的第一个十年相比，在过去十年中，无身体或冰球/球杆接触导致的受伤事件增加了一倍多。大多数受伤发生在四肢，下肢受伤趋势下降，上肢受伤趋势增加。头部受伤数量没有显著变化。与比赛的第一阶段相比，第二和第三阶段发生的受伤事件更多。这项研究的数据表明，许多受伤可能是由于身体状况不佳，进而导致注意力和协调性持续缺乏。球员似乎无法满足国际冰球运动日益提高的技术和竞技要求。国际冰球运动中速度和体能的不断提升使得这项运动独特而迷人。因此，目标必须是通过进一步改进和调整球员装备来减少受伤数量，尤其是降低受伤的严重程度。此外，未来为预防受伤，球员、教练、运动医学人员和裁判之间更好的合作似乎也是必要的。
