Legesse Getahun, Siegmund-Schultze Marianna, Abebe Girma, Zárate Anne Valle
Department of Animal Production in the Tropics and Subtropics, Hohenheim University, D-70593, Stuttgart, Germany.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2010 Oct;42(7):1531-9. doi: 10.1007/s11250-010-9603-5. Epub 2010 Jun 5.
This study evaluates the household income contribution and the profitability of traditional small ruminant enterprises in two mixed-farming systems of southern Ethiopia (viz. Adilo and Kofele). Small ruminant production is an integral part of mixed systems in the Ethiopian highlands. The assessment of the current economic performance of small ruminants indicates production-related opportunities and constraints and provides baseline data against which the success of future interventions can be measured. Detailed information on economic parameters was gathered through a 1-year period of flock and household monitoring (155 households) between September 2005 and August 2006. Structured surveys were conducted with the participating households to elicit information on income-expense details of small ruminant and other agricultural enterprises. Small ruminants contributed considerably to cash income and to a limited extent to human nutrition especially when other sources were in short supply. The annual profit per animal ranged from 20 to 37 Ethiopian Birr. The return to capital was 17% in Kofele and 29% in Adilo, with both values vastly exceeding the national interest rate. The sale of small ruminants contributed to 39% and 23% of total farm cash income among small ruminant keepers in Adilo and Kofele, respectively. Sale prices are highest before holidays. Researches should target at how to use available feed resources in a timely and cost-effective fashion to make use of the seasonal market opportunities.
本研究评估了埃塞俄比亚南部两种混合作物种植系统（即阿迪洛和科费莱）中传统小型反刍动物企业的家庭收入贡献和盈利能力。小型反刍动物生产是埃塞俄比亚高地混合作物种植系统的一个组成部分。对小型反刍动物当前经济表现的评估表明了与生产相关的机遇和制约因素，并提供了可据此衡量未来干预措施成功与否的基线数据。通过在2005年9月至2006年8月期间对畜群和家庭进行为期1年的监测（155户家庭），收集了有关经济参数的详细信息。对参与的家庭进行了结构化调查，以获取有关小型反刍动物和其他农业企业收支细节的信息。小型反刍动物对现金收入有相当大的贡献，在其他来源短缺时，对人类营养也有一定程度的贡献。每只动物的年利润在20至37埃塞俄比亚比尔之间。科费莱的资本回报率为17%，阿迪洛为29%，两者均大大超过国家利率。在阿迪洛和科费莱，小型反刍动物养殖户出售小型反刍动物分别占农场现金总收入的39%和23%。节假日之前的销售价格最高。研究应着眼于如何及时且经济高效地利用可用饲料资源，以把握季节性市场机遇。
