The Johns Hopkins Medical Institution, David M Rubinstein Building, 200 North Wolfe Street Suite 3150, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
Expert Rev Respir Med. 2010 Jun;4(3):321-8. doi: 10.1586/ers.10.26.
Evidence from previous influenza pandemics, epidemic seasonal influenza and, most recently, pandemic influenza A (H1N1) demonstrates that pregnant women and their offspring are at an increased risk for influenza-related complications. Influenza infections in pregnancy have been associated with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes, including preterm labor and delivery, respiratory hospitalization, pneumonia, adult respiratory distress syndrome, overwhelming sepsis and death. The influenza vaccine has been repeatedly demonstrated to be both safe and effective in pregnant women and the potential for passive transfer of protective antibodies to the neonate adds to the cumulative benefits of maternal influenza immunization. Despite the potential benefit of this vaccine during pregnancy, low vaccination rates in both the USA and in other industrialized countries have been disconcerting.
先前的流感大流行、季节性流感以及最近的甲型 H1N1 流感流行都表明，孕妇及其后代患与流感相关的并发症的风险增加。妊娠期间的流感感染与不良的母婴结局相关，包括早产和分娩、呼吸道住院、肺炎、成人呼吸窘迫综合征、严重败血症和死亡。流感疫苗在孕妇中已被反复证明是安全有效的，并且保护性抗体向新生儿的被动转移增加了母体流感免疫接种的累积益处。尽管这种疫苗在怀孕期间可能有益，但在美国和其他工业化国家，疫苗接种率都很低，这令人不安。
