Department of Parasitology and Entomology, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, 420/1 Rajavithi Road, Rajathewee District, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
Acta Trop. 2010 Oct;116(1):51-60. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2010.05.009. Epub 2010 Jun 4.
The distribution patterns of malaria incidence at a village level in Thailand were demonstrated with the use of a geographical information system (GIS), and provided the study of the malaria situation at a household level. Mosaic imageries from aerial photographs were used to create maps that contained X and Y coordinates. These digitized base maps were kept as computerized files. Standard Distance Ellipse (SDE) was used to measure the prevalence of dispersion around the mean center of malaria cases and points. Households in the SDE were at greater risk of malaria infection than those located outside the SDE. The spatial pattern of malaria incidence was investigated using spatial autocorrelation using Geary's ratio and Moran's index. Five of seven villages had a clustered spatial distribution of malaria incidence, the vector point of which had a 2-3km range from the patient's houses. Only one village had a significant clustered spatial distribution of malaria incidence (p<0.05). Control efforts should be focused on high-risk areas, especially those households with the heaviest caseloads. This approach would probably be more cost effective than the conventional malaria control methods. This SDE analytical technique would be a novel and useful epidemiological control method for use by public health administrators. The ellipsoidal areas required malaria control intervention.
利用地理信息系统（GIS）展示了泰国一个村庄级别的疟疾发病率分布模式，并为家庭层面的疟疾情况研究提供了数据支持。使用航空照片的镶嵌图像来创建包含 X 和 Y 坐标的地图。这些数字化的基础地图被保存为计算机文件。标准距离椭圆（SDE）用于测量疟疾病例和点围绕平均值中心的离散程度。SDE 内的家庭比 SDE 外的家庭更容易受到疟疾感染的风险。利用 Geary 比率和 Moran 指数进行空间自相关分析，研究了疟疾发病率的空间模式。七个村庄中有五个呈现疟疾发病率的聚集空间分布，其向量点与患者住所的距离在 2-3 公里范围内。只有一个村庄呈现出显著的疟疾发病率聚集空间分布（p<0.05）。控制工作应集中在高风险地区，特别是那些病例最多的家庭。这种方法可能比传统的疟疾控制方法更具成本效益。这种 SDE 分析技术将是公共卫生管理人员使用的一种新颖而有用的流行病学控制方法。需要进行疟疾控制干预的椭圆区域。
