Australian Cooperative Research Centre for Beef Genetic Technologies, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales 2351, Australia.
J Anim Sci. 2010 Sep;88(9):3047-58. doi: 10.2527/jas.2009-2678. Epub 2010 Jun 4.
Experiments were conducted concurrently at 2 locations to quantify effects and interactions of calpain-system tenderness gene markers on growth, efficiency, temperament, and carcass traits of Brahman cattle. Cattle were selected at weaning from commercial and research herds based on their genotype for commercially available calpastatin (CAST) and calpain 3 (CAPN3) gene markers for beef tenderness. Genotypes for mu-calpain gene markers (CAPN1-4751 and CAPN1-316) were also determined and included in statistical analyses. The New South Wales (NSW) herd was composed of 82 heifers and 82 castrated male cattle with 0 or 2 favorable alleles for CAST and CAPN3. The Western Australia (WA) herd was composed of 173 castrated male cattle with 0, 1, or 2 favorable alleles for CAST and CAPN3. One-half of the cattle at each site were implanted with a hormonal growth promotant (HGP: Revalor-H) during grain finishing. Cattle were backgrounded at pasture for 6 to 8 mo and grain-fed for 117 d (NSW) or 80 d (WA) before slaughter. Individually, or in combination with each other and with CAPN1-4751 status, CAST and CAPN3 status had no significant (all P > 0.05) effects on BW, growth, feed efficiency, or temperament traits. The only significant effect of CAST or CAPN3 on carcass characteristics was a small increase in rib fat with increasing number of favorable CAST alleles (P = 0.042) in the WA herd. There were no significant interactions (all P > 0.05) between the markers, or between the markers and sex or HGP treatment apart from CAST x HGP for area of the M. longissimus lumborum (P = 0.024) in the NSW experiment. Favorable CAST or CAPN3 alleles appear unlikely to have detrimental effects on growth, efficiency, temperament, or carcass characteristics of Brahman cattle; however, some effects evident for CAPN1 status indicate the need for further production studies on effects of these markers. Overall, the findings of the present study indicate that calpain-system gene markers are suitable for use in marker-assisted selection to improve meat tenderness in Brahman cattle without negative effects on other production and carcass characteristics.
本研究在两个地点同时进行实验，以量化钙蛋白酶系统嫩度基因标记对婆罗门牛生长、效率、气质和胴体性状的影响和相互作用。在断奶时，根据其基因型，从商业和研究牛群中选择用于牛肉嫩度的商业上可获得的钙蛋白酶抑制剂（CAST）和钙蛋白酶 3（CAPN3）基因标记的牛。还确定了 mu-钙蛋白酶基因标记（CAPN1-4751 和 CAPN1-316）的基因型，并纳入了统计分析。新南威尔士州（NSW）牛群由 82 头小母牛和 82 头去势公牛组成，CAST 和 CAPN3 有 0 或 2 个有利等位基因。西澳大利亚州（WA）牛群由 173 头去势公牛组成，CAST 和 CAPN3 有 0、1 或 2 个有利等位基因。每个地点的一半牛在谷物育肥期间植入了激素生长促进剂（HGP：Revalor-H）。牛在牧场背景下饲养 6 至 8 个月，然后在屠宰前进行 117 天（NSW）或 80 天（WA）的谷物喂养。CAST 和 CAPN3 状态对 BW、生长、饲料效率或气质性状没有显著影响（所有 P > 0.05）。CAST 或 CAPN3 对胴体特性的唯一显著影响是在 WA 牛群中，随着有利 CAST 等位基因数量的增加，肋骨脂肪略有增加（P = 0.042）。除了 NSW 实验中 CAST x HGP 对腰最长肌面积的影响外（P = 0.024），标记之间或标记与性别或 HGP 处理之间没有显著的相互作用（所有 P > 0.05）。有利的 CAST 或 CAPN3 等位基因似乎不太可能对婆罗门牛的生长、效率、气质或胴体特性产生不利影响；然而，CAPN1 状态的一些影响表明需要进一步研究这些标记对生产的影响。总体而言，本研究的结果表明，钙蛋白酶系统基因标记可用于标记辅助选择，以提高婆罗门牛肉的嫩度，而不会对其他生产和胴体特性产生负面影响。
