Gitau George K, Aleri Joshua W, Mbuthia Paul G, Mulei Charles M
Department of Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 29053-00625, Nairobi, Kenya.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2010 Dec;42(8):1643-7. doi: 10.1007/s11250-010-9614-2. Epub 2010 Jun 6.
The study reported data from 507 post-mortem records in the Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nairobi, Kenya. The records were from carcasses obtained from the peri-urban area of Nairobi during a 20-year period between 1990 and 2009. Approximately 80% (393/507) of the calf carcasses had their diagnosis made through post-mortem examination, while the rest (114/507) were inconclusive. Just less than half (48.3%) of the calf carcasses presented had their age specified by the owners compared to 51.7% whose age was not specified. For calf carcasses whose age was specified by the owners, those indicated as more than 3 months were one-and-a-half times as many as those below 3 months old. The proportion of female carcasses (53.8%, 273/507) presented for post-mortem were slightly higher than the male carcasses (46.2%, 234/507). Diseases or conditions of the respiratory system were the most common 17.7% (97/507) while gastrointestinal tract (GIT) was second and affected 16.1% (88/507) of the cases. Another small number, 3.3% (18/507), died from bloat giving the total cases associated with GIT as 19.4% (106/507). Severe calf malnutrition and septicaemia were the third most reported causes of calf mortality in similar proportions at 14.3% (78/507) and 14.4% (79/507), respectively. Other minor causes of calf mortality were tick-borne diseases 8.6% (47/507), helminthiasis and poisoning, 2.9% (16/507) and 1.8% (10/507), respectively.
该研究报告了肯尼亚内罗毕大学兽医学院病理学、微生物学和寄生虫学系507份尸检记录的数据。这些记录来自1990年至2009年20年间从内罗毕城郊地区获取的尸体。约80%（393/507）的犊牛尸体通过尸检确诊，其余（114/507）诊断不明确。送来的犊牛尸体中，不到一半（48.3%）的年龄由主人提供，相比之下，51.7%的犊牛尸体年龄未注明。在主人注明年龄的犊牛尸体中，注明年龄超过3个月的数量是3个月以下的1.5倍。送来进行尸检的雌性尸体比例（53.8%，273/507）略高于雄性尸体（46.2%，234/507）。呼吸系统疾病或状况最为常见，占17.7%（97/507），而胃肠道疾病占16.1%（88/507），位居第二。另有3.3%（18/507）死于胀气，使与胃肠道相关的病例总数达到19.4%（106/507）。严重的犊牛营养不良和败血症是犊牛死亡的第三大常见原因，比例相近，分别为14.3%（78/507）和14.4%（79/507）。犊牛死亡的其他次要原因包括蜱传疾病8.6%（47/507）、蠕虫病和中毒，分别为2.9%（16/507）和1.8%（10/507）。
