Faculty of Nursing, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.
J Clin Nurs. 2011 Jan;20(1-2):267-73. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2009.03110.x.
To evaluate cultural differences in sociodemographic factors, illness severity and parents' perception of their adolescent's quality of life for Icelandic and USA families of adolescents with asthma; and to determine predictors of parent-rated quality of life.
Asthma is known to have an impact on the quality of life of affected adolescents and their families, but few studies have addressed parents' perception of their adolescent's health-related quality of life.
Cross-sectional exploratory study.
The study involved families of adolescents with asthma included 15 from Iceland and 15 from USA, recruited from paediatric practices. Parent and adolescent participants completed questionnaires; this study is based on the parent responses. Data were collected from January-May 2006.
While parents from Iceland and USA were similar in demographic characteristics, parents from Iceland rated their children's health-related quality of life (PedsQL(TM) 3.0, Varni 1998) more positively than did USA parents, even though Icelandic parents were more likely than their USA counterparts to report that their adolescent's asthma is severe. Significant predictors of parent-rated quality of life included location (higher scores for Icelandic parents), gender (higher scores for parents of boys), exposure to second hand smoke in the home (higher scores for those not exposed) and frequency of troublesome wheezing (higher scores for lower frequency).
Quality of life has been acknowledged as an essential health outcome measure. Even though gender difference was not found in asthma severity, parents of boys perceived their adolescent's quality of life as more positive compared with parents of girls. It might be helpful for Icelandic and USA families to integrate into care delivery models, cultural differences in parent-rated quality of life.
Asthma management interventions may improve quality of life for adolescents with asthma by reducing symptoms. Interventions promoting smoke-free homes and enhanced self-monitoring to prevent exacerbations may improve quality of life.
评估冰岛和美国青少年哮喘患者家庭在社会人口学因素、疾病严重程度和父母对青少年生活质量感知方面的文化差异，并确定父母评定的生活质量的预测因素。
哮喘会对受影响的青少年及其家庭的生活质量产生影响，但很少有研究涉及父母对其青少年健康相关生活质量的感知。
横断面探索性研究。
该研究涉及来自冰岛和美国的 15 个青少年哮喘家庭，从儿科诊所招募了这些家庭。家长和青少年参与者完成了问卷调查；本研究基于家长的反应。数据收集于 2006 年 1 月至 5 月。
尽管冰岛和美国的父母在人口统计学特征上相似，但冰岛父母对其子女的健康相关生活质量（PedsQL（TM）3.0，Varni 1998）的评价更为积极，尽管冰岛父母比他们的美国同行更有可能报告他们的青少年的哮喘严重。父母评定的生活质量的显著预测因素包括地点（冰岛父母得分较高）、性别（男孩父母得分较高）、家中二手烟暴露（未暴露者得分较高）和麻烦性喘息频率（频率较低者得分较高）。
生活质量已被公认为一项重要的健康结果衡量标准。尽管在哮喘严重程度方面没有发现性别差异，但与女孩的父母相比，男孩的父母认为他们青少年的生活质量更为积极。对于冰岛和美国的家庭来说，将父母评定的生活质量方面的文化差异纳入护理提供模式可能会有所帮助。
哮喘管理干预措施可以通过减少症状来改善青少年哮喘患者的生活质量。促进无烟家庭和增强自我监测以预防恶化的干预措施可能会提高生活质量。
