Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, School of Human Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool.
Scott Med J. 2010 May;55(2):31-4. doi: 10.1258/rsmsmj.55.2.31.
Altitude poses physiological challenges to the sports participant in excess of those encountered at sea level. The main problem is hypoxia and the reduction in oxygen transport capacity, which is linked to the fall in alveolar oxygen tension. Training at altitude is imperative as preparation for competing there in aerobic events. The acute adaptations on exposure to moderate altitudes may be beneficial for subsequent performance at sea level, and this has led to the use of altitude training camps, though their advantages have not been conclusively demonstrated. The benefits of altitude training depend on a variety of factors, including individual characteristics and environmental training variables.
高海拔给运动员带来的生理挑战超过了海平面的挑战。主要问题是缺氧和氧气输送能力的下降，这与肺泡氧分压的下降有关。在高海拔地区训练是有氧比赛的必要准备。在暴露于中等海拔时的急性适应可能对随后的海平面表现有益，这导致了使用高海拔训练营，尽管它们的优势尚未得到确凿的证明。高海拔训练的好处取决于各种因素，包括个体特征和环境训练变量。
