Trout R T, Steelman C D, Szalanski A L
Department of Entomology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA.
Med Vet Entomol. 2010 Sep;24(3):258-65. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.2010.00878.x. Epub 2010 Jun 1.
Louse flies, also known as deer keds (Lipoptena mazamae Rondani), infest cervids such as white-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus and vector pathogens such as Anaplasma and Bartonella schoenbuchensis to cattle and humans, respectively. The population genetic structure of 30 L. mazamae collected from white-tailed deer in four regions of Arkansas, U.S.A., designated by county boundaries, was examined using DNA sequences of a 259-bp region of the mitochondrial DNA rRNA 16S gene. Of the 259 nucleotide characters, 33 were variable and 6 haplotypes were identified. Two haplotypes occurred only once (haplotype 3 and 4), whereas two other haplotypes occurred in 43% (haplotype 1 in two regions) and 40% (haplotype 6 in three regions) of the samples. Phylogenetic relationships of the six L. mazamae haplotypes were constructed with other Hippoboscid and Glossinid samples and two clades resulted. Clade 1 was located in the north and western Ozarks whereas clade 2 was found in the northern and eastern Ozarks. Results from the present study indicate that Lipoptena may be a polyphyletic genus; consequently, more research into genetic variation within this genus is necessary.
虱蝇，也被称为鹿蜱蝇（Lipoptena mazamae Rondani），寄生于白尾鹿等鹿类动物，如弗吉尼亚鹿（Odocoileus virginianus），并分别将无形体属病原体和舍恩布赫氏巴尔通体传播给牛和人类。利用线粒体DNA rRNA 16S基因259bp区域的DNA序列，对从美国阿肯色州四个由县界划分的区域的白尾鹿身上采集的30只马扎马虱蝇的群体遗传结构进行了研究。在259个核苷酸特征中，有33个是可变的，共鉴定出6种单倍型。两种单倍型仅出现一次（单倍型3和4），而另外两种单倍型分别出现在43%（两个区域的单倍型1）和40%（三个区域的单倍型6）的样本中。构建了六种马扎马虱蝇单倍型与其他虱蝇科和舌蝇科样本的系统发育关系，结果产生了两个进化枝。进化枝1位于奥扎克山脉的北部和西部，而进化枝2则出现在奥扎克山脉的北部和东部。本研究结果表明，鹿蜱蝇属可能是一个多系属；因此，有必要对该属内的遗传变异进行更多研究。
