Kakizaki Hiroshi, Kurota Yuta, Sibasaki Tomohiro, Nakano Yuko, Kaneko Hisashi, Hosoya Noriyuki, Sakurai Toshihiko, Naito Sei, Muto Akinori, Kato Tomoyuki, Tomita Yoshihiko
Department of Urology, Nihonkai General Hospital.
Nihon Hinyokika Gakkai Zasshi. 2010 May;101(4):585-91. doi: 10.5980/jpnjurol.101.585.
To investigate if timing of first visit, ages, sex, family history of cancer, and smoking history would cause any differences in patients' attitude toward cancer disclosure.
Subjects were 10,552 patients who first visited Urology Department of Nihonkai Hospital between 1993 and 2007, and were asked to fill in the questionnaire. The questionnaire contents are as follows: "If you were diagnosed as having cancer, would you like to be informed about the diagnosis of your disease?", and "If your families were diagnosed as having cancer, would you like to inform them about the diagnosis of their disease?". The subjects were asked to select their answers from the following options: (1) "fully informed", (2) "informed only when it is curable", (3) "not informed", and (4) "can not decide now". The relation of patients' attitude toward cancer disclosure with the timing of first visit, ages, sex, family history of cancer, and smoking history was investigated.
The response rate was approximately 80%. If the subjects would have cancer, 71.5% preferred to be informed ("fully informed" or "informed if it is curable"), and 9.2% did not. If the subjects' family would have cancer, 55.5% preferred their family to be informed ("fully informed" or "informed if it is curable"), and 14.9% did not. As it became more recent, both the rate of subjects who did not prefer to be informed (11.5% in 1993-1995, and 8.0% in 2005-2007) and the rate of those who did not prefer their family to be informed (18.6% in 1993-1995, and 11.0% in 2005-2007) decreased. Young subjects, men, and smokers more preferred to be informed. The subjects who had family history of cancer more preferred to inform them, but less to inform their family.
As it became more recent, both the subjects who did not prefer to be informed and those who did not prefer their family to be informed decreased. The idea that cancer disclosure was necessary to select the treatment methods based on each patient's preference and decision had been pervasive.
调查首次就诊时间、年龄、性别、癌症家族史和吸烟史是否会导致患者对癌症病情告知态度的差异。
研究对象为1993年至2007年间首次到日本海医院泌尿外科就诊的10552例患者，他们被要求填写问卷。问卷内容如下：“如果您被诊断患有癌症，您希望被告知您的病情诊断吗？”以及“如果您的家人被诊断患有癌症，您希望告知他们病情诊断吗？”。研究对象需从以下选项中选择答案：（1）“完全告知”，（2）“仅在可治愈时告知”，（3）“不告知”，以及（4）“现在无法决定”。研究了患者对癌症病情告知的态度与首次就诊时间、年龄、性别、癌症家族史和吸烟史之间的关系。
回复率约为80%。如果研究对象患有癌症，71.5%的人希望被告知（“完全告知”或“可治愈时告知”），9.2%的人不希望。如果研究对象的家人患有癌症，55.5%的人希望家人被告知（“完全告知”或“可治愈时告知”），14.9%的人不希望。随着时间推移，不希望被告知的研究对象比例（1993 - 1995年为11.5%，2005 - 2007年为8.0%）以及不希望家人被告知的比例（1993 - 1995年为18.6%，2005 - 2007年为11.0%）均有所下降。年轻患者、男性和吸烟者更倾向于被告知。有癌症家族史的研究对象更倾向于告知家人，但自己被告知的意愿较低。
随着时间推移，不希望被告知的研究对象以及不希望家人被告知的研究对象均有所减少。基于患者的偏好和决定来选择治疗方法时，告知癌症病情很有必要这一观念已普遍存在。
