Ito H, Tahara E
1st Dept. of Pathology, Hiroshima University School of Medicine.
Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 1991 Jun;18(7):1075-83.
The common malignancies apparently develop by a stepwise accumulation of gene alterations including oncogenes and suppressor genes. Point mutation or deletion might be an early event for carcinogenesis and tumor progression, while amplification of several oncogenes occur as a late event. Amplification of some oncogenes apparently relate with patient prognosis, i.e. erbB2 for breast, ovarian and gastric carcinomas, HST-1/INT-2 for esophageal and breast carcinomas, and N-myc for neuroblastoma. Although amplification of erbB1 is less common, its expression indicate poorer prognosis in patients with esophageal, gastric and bladder carcinomas. Combination analysis of the gene amplification and other gene alterations, such as p53 gene might provide more useful clinical informations for the postoperative management and prognosis of cancer patients.
常见的恶性肿瘤显然是通过包括癌基因和抑癌基因在内的基因改变的逐步积累而发生的。点突变或缺失可能是致癌作用和肿瘤进展的早期事件，而几种癌基因的扩增则是晚期事件。一些癌基因的扩增显然与患者预后相关，例如乳腺癌、卵巢癌和胃癌中的erbB2，食管癌和乳腺癌中的HST-1/INT-2，以及神经母细胞瘤中的N-myc。虽然erbB1的扩增不太常见，但其表达表明食管癌、胃癌和膀胱癌患者的预后较差。基因扩增与其他基因改变（如p53基因）的联合分析可能为癌症患者的术后管理和预后提供更有用的临床信息。
