School of Nursing, University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Avenue, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada, C1A 4P3.
Nurse Educ Today. 2011 Jan;31(1):82-7. doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2010.04.002. Epub 2010 May 26.
Preceptorship is a teaching/learning method used in many undergraduate nursing programs whereby learners are individually assigned to expert practitioners in the clinical setting. The current reality in today's workplace setting encompasses four generations (Veterans, Baby Boomers, Generation X, and Millennials) working together and often these generations do not share the same work ethic or expectations. Given this generational diversity, increased knowledge and awareness of the intergenerational context of the preceptorship experience is both an important and timely topic for nursing education. The purpose of this paper is to discuss an integrative review of the literature using the methodology of Whittemore and Knafl (2005). The computerized databases of CINAHL, PubMed, ProQuest Education, ERIC, and EMBASE were used to generate relevant literature. The sample consisted of 98 articles; 18 being research and 80 theoretical. Given the large sample size, the authors focus on summarizing the research literature in this paper. This review calls attention to the need for further research into generational diversity and its influence on the preceptorship experience. It also highlights the limited research that currently exists on the topic of the intergenerational nursing workforce. Implications for nursing education and clinical practice are also discussed.
导师制是许多本科护理课程中使用的一种教学/学习方法，通过该方法将学习者分配给临床环境中的专家从业者。当今工作场所的现实情况包括四代人（退伍军人、婴儿潮一代、X 一代和千禧一代）一起工作，而这些代际通常没有相同的职业道德或期望。鉴于这种代际多样性，增加对导师制体验的代际背景的知识和认识既是护理教育的一个重要和及时的话题。本文的目的是使用 Whittemore 和 Knafl（2005 年）的方法讨论文献的综合回顾。使用 CINAHL、PubMed、ProQuest Education、ERIC 和 EMBASE 的计算机数据库生成相关文献。样本由 98 篇文章组成，其中 18 篇为研究，80 篇为理论。鉴于样本量较大，作者在本文中重点总结了研究文献。该综述提请注意需要进一步研究代际多样性及其对导师制体验的影响。它还突出了目前关于代际护理劳动力这一主题的有限研究。还讨论了对护理教育和临床实践的影响。
