Protheroe S M, Mellor D H
Department of Paediatrics, University Hospital, Nottingham.
Arch Dis Child. 1991 Jun;66(6):702-5. doi: 10.1136/adc.66.6.702.
Two cases of influenza A encephalitis seen during an outbreak of influenza types A/England/427/88 (H3N2) and A/Taiwan/1/86 (H1N1) in December 1989 are described. In both children the encephalitis developed within three days of the respiratory symptoms and both became comatose within 48 hours. Virological studies showed that the patients had had a recent influenza A infection. Symmetrical localised hypodense lesions within the thalami and pons were demonstrated in both cases on computed tomography of the brain and striking findings in the pons in one case on magnetic resonance imaging. Influenza A encephalitis is not easy to recognise clinically and serological confirmation can only be made after 10 days. Imaging may provide evidence in the acute stage to support a diagnosis of influenza encephalitis during influenza outbreaks.
本文描述了1989年12月甲型流感A/英格兰/427/88（H3N2）和A/台湾/1/86（H1N1）爆发期间出现的两例甲型流感脑炎病例。两名儿童的脑炎均在呼吸道症状出现后的三天内发展，且均在48小时内昏迷。病毒学研究表明，患者近期感染了甲型流感。脑部计算机断层扫描显示，两例患者丘脑和脑桥内均出现对称的局限性低密度病变，其中一例患者的脑桥在磁共振成像上有显著表现。甲型流感脑炎在临床上不易识别，血清学确诊只能在10天后进行。影像学检查可能在急性期提供证据，以支持在流感爆发期间对流感脑炎的诊断。
