Giray Simşek Hatice, Günay Türkan, Uçku Reyhan
Dokuz Eylül Universitesi Tip Fakültesi, Halk Sağliği Anabilim Dali, Izmir, Türkiye.
Anadolu Kardiyol Derg. 2010 Jun;10(3):193-201. doi: 10.5152/akd.2010.057.
Aim of the study was to determine effects of social inequalities on coronary heart disease risk factors in individuals living in an urban district of Izmir; namely Balçova.
In this cross-sectional study, no sampling was done and it was aimed to reach all residents living in that area aged 30 years and over (n=4409). Dependent variables were smoking, physical inactivity, unhealthy diet, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia where social inequality was the independent variable. Educational status, income and social class were considered as the components of social inequality. Age, gender, family health histories were the confounding factors. Data were collected at home and in the neighborhood-house. For data analyses Chi-square test, and logistic regression analysis were used.
Smoking is higher in men and women in lower socio economic class, where unhealthy diet is higher in self-employed men (OR=9.24, 95% CI=1.14-74.81, p=0.037) and in women who have a lower education (OR=1.53, 95% CI=1.02-2.30, p=0.040), lower income or unemployed (OR=3.43, 95% CI=1.28-9.14, p=0.014). Obesity is more frequent in lower educated women (OR=1.89, 95% CI=1.37-2.59, p<0.001) where decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is more frequent in men who have lower income (OR=2.21, 95% CI=1.20-4.07, p=0.011). Men who have a lower education (OR=0.61, 95% CI=0.38-0.98, p=0.039) or working as a skilled (OR=0.37, 95% CI=0.16-0.89, p=0.027) or an unskilled worker (OR=0.35, 95% CI=0.15-0.82, p=0.016) tend to have a decreased risk of obesity when working as a skilled worker (OR=0.53, 95% CI=0.29-0.95, p=0.033) decreases elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
Coronary heart disease risk factors are high among participants who are aged 30 years and over. Men are under higher risk than women are. An increase in social inequalities causes decreased HDL-C in men, and increased smoking, unhealthy diet and obesity in women.
本研究旨在确定社会不平等对居住在伊兹密尔市区（即巴尔乔瓦）的个体冠心病危险因素的影响。
在这项横断面研究中，未进行抽样，目标是涵盖该地区所有30岁及以上的居民（n = 4409）。因变量为吸烟、缺乏身体活动、不健康饮食、肥胖、高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常，社会不平等为自变量。教育程度、收入和社会阶层被视为社会不平等的组成部分。年龄、性别、家族健康史为混杂因素。数据在家庭和邻里之家收集。数据分析采用卡方检验和逻辑回归分析。
社会经济阶层较低的男性和女性吸烟率较高，其中个体经营者男性（比值比[OR]=9.24，95%置信区间[CI]=1.14 - 74.81，p = 0.037）以及教育程度较低的女性（OR = 1.53，95% CI = 1.02 - 2.30，p = 0.040）、收入较低或失业女性（OR = 3.43，95% CI = 1.28 - 9.14，p = 0.014）的不健康饮食率较高。教育程度较低的女性肥胖更为常见（OR = 1.89，95% CI = 1.37 - 2.59，p < 0.001），收入较低的男性高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL - C）降低更为常见（OR = 2.21，95% CI = 1.20 - 4.07，p = 0.011）。教育程度较低的男性（OR = 0.61，95% CI = 0.38 - 0.98，p = 0.039）或从事熟练工（OR = 0.37，95% CI = 0.16 - 0.89，p = 0.027）或非熟练工工作的男性（OR = 0.35，95% CI = 0.15 - 0.82，p = 0.016）患肥胖症的风险往往降低，而从事熟练工工作（OR = 0.53，95% CI = 0.29 - 0.95，p = 0.033）可降低升高的低密度脂蛋白胆固醇。
30岁及以上参与者的冠心病危险因素较高。男性风险高于女性。社会不平等加剧导致男性HDL - C降低，女性吸烟、不健康饮食和肥胖增加。
