Center for Integrated Protein Science at the Department Chemie, Lehrstuhl für Biochemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85747 Garching, Germany.
Trends Biochem Sci. 2010 Nov;35(11):634-42. doi: 10.1016/j.tibs.2010.05.005. Epub 2010 Jun 10.
The heart of the ubiquitin-mediated degradation pathway, the 26S proteasome, endoproteolytically cleaves most intracellular proteins, thereby maintaining biological homeostasis and regulating many crucial processes in the cell. This hydrolyzing machine comprises more than 30 different subunits, which perform different functions including the recognition, unfolding, translocating and cleavage of protein substrates. Thus, careful assemblage and regulation of the 26S proteasome is essential to ensure correct positioning and function of each subunit, thereby preserving the delicate cellular balance between protein synthesis and degradation. Here, we review the most current research on the 26S proteasome assembly pathway, and describe the mechanism used by the cell to manage the complex structure and functions of the proteasome.
泛素介导的降解途径的核心是 26S 蛋白酶体，它对内切大多数细胞内蛋白质进行切割，从而维持生物体内平衡并调节细胞中的许多关键过程。这个水解机器由 30 多种不同的亚基组成，这些亚基执行不同的功能，包括识别、展开、转运和切割蛋白质底物。因此，26S 蛋白酶体的仔细组装和调节对于确保每个亚基的正确定位和功能至关重要，从而保持蛋白质合成和降解之间微妙的细胞平衡。在这里，我们回顾了 26S 蛋白酶体组装途径的最新研究，并描述了细胞用于管理蛋白酶体复杂结构和功能的机制。
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