Windholz G
Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina, Charlotte 28223.
Integr Physiol Behav Sci. 1991 Jan-Mar;26(1):51-67. doi: 10.1007/BF02690979.
Ivan P. Pavlov's youthful relations with parents and siblings, formal education, and social activities in Riazan' are described. The Pavlovs, a highly achievement-oriented family descending from a lowly serf, improved their social status by serving the Russian Orthodox Church. Pavlov, the son of a priest, studied in the 1860s at the Riazan' Ecclesiastic Seminary for priesthood. The turbulent 1860s' decade was a period of social and political reforms. Western ideas and science were introduced to Russia. The ambitious and idealistic I.P. Pavlov was influenced by popular essays written by the journalist D.I. Pisarev, the works of the German physiologist J. Moleschott, the English writer G.H. Lewes, the German zoologist C. Vogt and the physiologist M.I. Sechenov. Losing his religious faith, Pavlov abandoned the traditional goal of becoming a priest, and, convinced that science was a road to truth and progress, left Riazan' to study natural science at the University of St. Petersburg.
文中描述了伊万·P·巴甫洛夫年轻时与父母及兄弟姐妹的关系、正规教育以及他在梁赞的社会活动。巴甫洛夫一家出身卑微，是农奴后裔，但他们以高度的成就导向，通过为俄罗斯东正教服务提升了社会地位。巴甫洛夫是一名牧师的儿子，19世纪60年代在梁赞教会神学院学习神职。动荡的19世纪60年代是一个社会和政治改革的时期。西方思想和科学被引入俄罗斯。雄心勃勃且充满理想主义的伊万·P·巴甫洛夫受到了记者D.I.皮萨列夫撰写的通俗文章、德国生理学家J.莫勒斯霍特的著作、英国作家G.H.刘易斯、德国动物学家C.沃格特以及生理学家M.I.谢切诺夫的影响。巴甫洛夫失去了宗教信仰，放弃了成为牧师的传统目标，并坚信科学是通往真理和进步的道路，于是离开梁赞前往圣彼得堡大学学习自然科学。
