Herzog Hospital, Jerusalem 91351, Israel.
Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2010 Aug;12(4):282-9. doi: 10.1007/s11920-010-0127-5.
The earliest descriptions of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) were religious, as was the understanding of their origins. With the emancipation, religion in OCD was relegated to its status today: a less common symptom of OCD in most Western societies known as scrupulosity. The frequency of scrupulosity in OCD varies in the literature from 0% to 93% of cases, and this variability seems predicated on the importance of religious belief and observance in the community examined. Despite the similarities between religious ritual and compulsions, the evidence to date that religion increases the risk of the development of OCD is scarce. Scrupulosity is presented as a classic version of OCD, with obsessions and compulsions, distress, and diminished functioning similar to those of other forms of OCD. The differentiation between normal religiosity and scrupulosity is presented, and the unique aspects of cognitive-behavioral therapy in treating scrupulosity, especially in religious populations, are reviewed.
强迫症（OCD）最早的描述是宗教性的，对其起源的理解也是如此。随着宗教的解放，强迫症中的宗教因素已退居今日的地位：在大多数西方社会中，这是 OCD 的一种不太常见的症状，被称为强迫观念。强迫症中强迫观念的频率在文献中从 0%到 93%的病例不等，这种可变性似乎取决于所研究社区中宗教信仰和遵守宗教仪式的重要性。尽管宗教仪式和强迫行为之间存在相似之处，但迄今为止，宗教会增加 OCD 发展风险的证据还很少。强迫观念被呈现为 OCD 的一种典型形式，其强迫观念和强迫行为、痛苦和功能下降与其他形式的 OCD 相似。本文介绍了正常的宗教信仰和强迫观念之间的区别，并回顾了认知行为疗法治疗强迫观念的独特方面，尤其是在宗教人群中。
