Aitken P P, Eadie D R, Hastings G B, Haywood A J
Department of Marketing, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK.
Br J Addict. 1991 Apr;86(4):383-90. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.1991.tb03415.x.
Six hundred and forty Glasgow children, initially aged between 11 and 14 years, were interviewed twice, with approximately one year between interviews. Children whose intentions to smoke when older became more positive between the two interviews tended to be more aware of cigarette advertising at the time of the first interview (compared with children whose intentions to smoke were negative at both interviews). Children whose intentions to smoke became more negative between the interviews tended to be less appreciative of cigarette advertisements at the time of the first interview (compared with children whose intentions to smoke were positive at both interviews). Since both groups differed from their respective contrast groups before their declared intentions changed, these findings support the view that cigarette advertising has predisposing as well as reinforcing effects on children's attitudes and behaviour with respect to smoking.
640名格拉斯哥儿童最初年龄在11至14岁之间，他们接受了两次访谈，两次访谈间隔约一年。在两次访谈之间想要长大后吸烟的意愿变得更积极的儿童，在第一次访谈时往往对香烟广告更关注（与两次访谈时吸烟意愿都消极的儿童相比）。在两次访谈之间想要吸烟的意愿变得更消极的儿童，在第一次访谈时往往对香烟广告的认可度更低（与两次访谈时吸烟意愿都积极的儿童相比）。由于两组在其宣称的意愿改变之前就与各自的对照群体不同，这些发现支持了这样一种观点，即香烟广告对儿童关于吸烟的态度和行为既有诱发作用，也有强化作用。
