el-Nahla S M, el-Mahdy T, Abbott L C, Hassan S A M
Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
Anat Histol Embryol. 2010 Aug;39(4):339-54. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0264.2010.00999.x. Epub 2010 Jun 9.
Blood to the pelvic limb of the ostrich is provided by the external iliac and ischiatic arteries that arise from the descending aorta. The external iliac artery (a.) gave rise to the pubic a. that supplied the obturator muscles and continued as the femoral a. The femoral a. gave off three branches: (1) cranial coxal a. to muscles above the pre-acetabular ilium; (2) cranial femoral a. to muscles cranial to the femur, the gastrocnemius muscle, hip and stifle joints and (3) medial femoral a. to muscles caudal and medial to the femur. The ischiatic a. gave rise to the caudal coxal a. that supplied muscles caudal to the femur, muscular branches to the iliotibialis lateralis muscle and to the deep femoral a. that supplied the iliofibularis muscle, cutanea femoralis caudalis and lateralis aa., and branches to the flexors of the leg and knee joint, then terminated as the sural and popliteal arteries. The sural a. supplied most of the flexors of the foot. The popliteal a. supplied the knee joint and flexors of the leg, and then terminated as the cranial and caudal tibial arteries. The caudal tibial a. supplied flexors of the foot. The cranial tibial a. provided four branches to the knee and ankle joints and to the leg. The cranial tibial a. continued into the foot as the common dorsal metatarsal a., which gave off seven different branches to the ankle and foot. With few exceptions, the arteries of the ostrich pelvic limb are similar to those of domestic fowl.
鸵鸟骨盆肢的血液由发自降主动脉的髂外动脉和坐骨动脉供应。髂外动脉发出耻骨动脉,为闭孔肌供血,然后延续为股动脉。股动脉发出三个分支:(1)髋臼前髂骨上方肌肉的股前髋骨动脉;(2)股骨前方肌肉、腓肠肌、髋关节和膝关节的股前动脉;(3)股骨后方和内侧肌肉的股内侧动脉。坐骨动脉发出股后髋骨动脉,为股骨后方的肌肉供血,发出肌支至股外侧肌和股深动脉,股深动脉为髂胫束肌、股后皮外侧动脉供血,并发出分支至腿部和膝关节的屈肌,然后终止为腓肠动脉和腘动脉。腓肠动脉为足部的大部分屈肌供血。腘动脉为膝关节和腿部屈肌供血,然后终止为胫前动脉和胫后动脉。胫后动脉为足部屈肌供血。胫前动脉向膝关节和踝关节以及腿部发出四个分支。胫前动脉延续至足部成为跖背总动脉,后者向踝关节和足部发出七个不同的分支。除少数例外,鸵鸟骨盆肢的动脉与家禽的动脉相似。