Mairesse J L, Mestdagh H, Procyk S, Depreux R
Anat Anz. 1984;155(1-5):195-202.
The triceps surae muscle, the dorsal and medial leg skin constitute a very important reserve of muscular and myocutaneous flaps. The material on which the study was carried out consisted of 20 legs from standard cadavers. The superficialis femoral artery was injected with terebenthene and minimum mixture. The medial head of gastrocnemius is 23.3 em long, 6.9 cm wide, 1.25 mm thick at distal third. Its dominant blood supply is carried by the medialis gastrocnemius artery. It rises from popliteal artery 1.2 cm above the femoral tibial articulation with 1.9 mm diameter. It runs 3 cm down before entering muscle where it provides 2 or 3 mean branches. These branches give musculocutaneous arteries to the skin of the dorsal leg. The same study was performed for the lateral head of gastrocnemius and soleus. We studied also arteries of dorsomedial leg skin. The characteristics of long saphenous and short saphenous arteries were described. These muscles and dorsomedial leg skin can be used as muscular or myocutaneous flap for covering defects between the lower leg and the lower thigh.
小腿三头肌、小腿背侧及内侧皮肤是肌瓣和肌皮瓣非常重要的供区。本研究的材料取自20条标准尸体的下肢。向股浅动脉注入松节油和造影剂的混合液。腓肠肌内侧头长23.3厘米，宽6.9厘米，在远端三分之一处厚1.25毫米。其主要血供由腓肠肌内侧动脉提供。该动脉在股骨胫骨关节上方1.2厘米处起自腘动脉，直径1.9毫米。它下行3厘米后进入肌肉，在肌肉内发出2或3条主要分支。这些分支向小腿背侧皮肤发出肌皮动脉。对腓肠肌外侧头和比目鱼肌也进行了同样的研究。我们还研究了小腿背内侧皮肤的动脉。描述了大隐动脉和小隐动脉的特点。这些肌肉和小腿背内侧皮肤可作为肌瓣或肌皮瓣用于覆盖小腿和大腿下部之间的缺损。
