Rogers C D, Pagliarello G, McLellan B A, Nelson W R
Department of Surgery, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, University of Toronto, Ont.
Can J Surg. 1991 Jun;34(3):283-6.
The authors examined the patterns of injury and death rates of patients involved in vehicle-related accidents who were admitted to the Regional Trauma Unit of Sunnybrook Health Science Centre in Toronto. Information was collected prospectively over a 36-month period. The subjects were placed in one of three mechanism-of-injury categories: four-wheel passenger vehicles, motorcycles and pedestrians. The patterns of injury were classified as primarily to the craniofacial and neck area, the torso, the extremities or to multiple regions. There were 815 patients who were involved in vehicle-related crashes and who suffered moderate to severe injuries (at least one region scoring more than 3 on the abbreviated injury scale). The death rate was 13% overall but was 21% in the group receiving multiple injuries. By mechanism of injury the death rates were: pedestrian group 20%, motorcycle group 18% and passenger-vehicle group 11% (p less than 0.01, chi 2 analysis). There was no difference in the mean injury severity score among the mechanism of injury groups. A higher proportion of the passenger-vehicle group sustained isolated craniofacial and torso injuries, and the pedestrian and motorcycle groups sustained more extremity injuries (p less than 0.001, chi 2 analysis). The results reveal a clear association between mechanism of injury and the patterns of injury observed.
作者们调查了因交通事故入院至多伦多森尼布鲁克健康科学中心区域创伤科的患者的损伤模式及死亡率。信息是在36个月的时间里前瞻性收集的。研究对象被分为三个损伤机制类别之一：四轮乘用车、摩托车和行人。损伤模式被分类为主要累及颅面部和颈部区域、躯干、四肢或多个区域。有815名因交通事故受伤且遭受中度至重度损伤的患者（至少一个区域在简略损伤量表上得分超过3分）。总体死亡率为13%，但在多处受伤的患者组中为21%。按损伤机制划分，死亡率分别为：行人组20%，摩托车组18%，乘用车组11%（p<0.01，卡方分析）。各损伤机制组间的平均损伤严重程度评分无差异。乘用车组中孤立的颅面部和躯干损伤的比例更高，而行人组和摩托车组的四肢损伤更多（p<0.001，卡方分析）。结果揭示了损伤机制与所观察到的损伤模式之间存在明显关联。
