Zhu Zhaoliang, Xiong Zhengqin, Xing Guangxi
State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 210008, Nanjing, China.
Sci China C Life Sci. 2005 Sep;48 Suppl 2:729-37. doi: 10.1007/BF03187113.
Asia is the major consumer of fertilizer nitrogen and energy in the world, and consequently shares a considerable proportion of the world creation of reactive nitrogen (Nr). However, if estimated on per capita basis, Asia is characterized by a lower arable land area, fertilizer nitrogen consumption, energy consumption, and gross domestic product, as well as lower daily protein intake. To meet the increasing needs for food and energy for the growing population combined with the improvement of living standards, Nr will inevitably increase. The present study estimates the creation of Nr and the emissions of various N compounds into environment in Asia currently and in 2030. In comparison with the world averages, the lower fertilizer nitrogen and energy use efficiencies, and the lower use of animal wastes for agriculture imply that there is potential for moderating the increase in Nr and its impacts on the environment. Strategies for moderating the increase are discussed.
亚洲是世界上化肥氮和能源的主要消费地区，因此在全球活性氮（Nr）的产生中占相当大的比例。然而，按人均计算，亚洲的特点是耕地面积、化肥氮消费量、能源消费量和国内生产总值较低，以及每日蛋白质摄入量较低。为了满足不断增长的人口对食物和能源日益增长的需求以及生活水平的提高，Nr将不可避免地增加。本研究估算了亚洲目前及2030年Nr的产生量以及各种氮化合物向环境中的排放量。与世界平均水平相比，化肥氮和能源利用效率较低，以及农业中动物粪便的利用率较低，这意味着有潜力减缓Nr的增加及其对环境的影响。文中讨论了减缓这种增加的策略。
