Cardoso-Leite Pedro, Gorea Andrei
Laboratoire Psychologie de la Perception, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.
Seeing Perceiving. 2010;23(2):89-151. doi: 10.1163/187847510X503588.
With its roots in Ungerleider and Mishkin's (1982) uncovering of two distinct - ventral and dorsal - anatomical pathways for the processing of visual information, and boosted by Goodale and Milner's (1992; Milner and Goodale, 1995) behavioral study of patients with lesions of either of these pathways, the perception-action dissociation became a standard reference in the sensorimotor literature. Here we present briefly the anatomical, neuropsychological and, more extensively, the psychophysical evidence favoring such dissociation and pit it against counteracting evidence as well as against potential methodological and conceptual pitfalls. We also discuss classes of models accounting for a number of 'dissociation' results and conclude that the most general and parsimonious one posits the existence of one single processing stream that accumulates information up to a decision criterion modulated by stimulation conditions, response mode (motor vs. verbal/perceptual), task constraints (speeded vs. free time responses) and the nature of the task (detection, discrimination, temporal order judgment, etc.). The reviewed evidence is not meant to refute or validate the hypothesis of a perceptual-motor dissociation. Rather, its main objective is to show that, beyond its self-evidence, such dissociation is difficult if not impossible to test.
其源于昂格尔莱德和米什金（1982年）发现的两条不同的——腹侧和背侧——处理视觉信息的解剖学通路，并因古德尔和米尔纳（1992年；米尔纳和古德尔，1995年）对这些通路中任何一条受损患者的行为研究而得到推动，知觉-行动分离成为了感觉运动文献中的一个标准参考。在此，我们简要介绍支持这种分离的解剖学、神经心理学以及更广泛的心理物理学证据，并将其与相反证据以及潜在的方法学和概念陷阱进行对比。我们还讨论了解释一些“分离”结果的模型类别，并得出结论，最通用且简洁的模型假定存在一个单一的处理流，该处理流会累积信息直至由刺激条件、反应模式（运动与言语/知觉）、任务限制（快速反应与自由时间反应）以及任务性质（检测、辨别、时间顺序判断等）调制的决策标准。所审查的证据并非旨在反驳或验证知觉-运动分离的假设。相反，其主要目的是表明，除了其显而易见性之外，这种分离即使并非不可能测试，也是困难的。
