Two-photon uncaging: New prospects in neuroscience and cellular biology.

An uncaging process refers to a fast and efficient release of a biomolecule after photochemical excitation from a photoactivatable precursor. Two-photon excitation produces excited states identical to standard UV excitation while overcoming major limitations when dealing with biological materials, like spatial resolution, tissue penetration and toxicity and has therefore been applied to the uncaging of different biological effectors. A literature survey of two-photon uncaging of biomolecules is described in this article, including applications in cellular- and neurobiology.